The student nurse is learning the stages of dementia in class. While in clinical, they are in a neurological disorder unit. The student assesses their client and notices the client has significant memory loss, confusion, difficulty with language, and struggles with daily tasks like dressing and bathing. Which stage of dementia is this client in?

Early-stage dementia

Mild cognitive impairment

Severe dementia

Moderate dementia

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Early-stage dementia: At this stage, individuals might have some memory problems but can generally maintain independence. The symptoms described (significant memory loss, confusion, difficulty with language, and struggles with daily tasks) are more advanced than what is typically seen in early-stage dementia.

B. Mild cognitive impairment: This is a transitional stage between normal cognitive aging and dementia. It involves some memory problems and cognitive changes but not severe enough to impact daily functioning to the extent described.

C. Severe dementia: In this stage, individuals typically require assistance with most activities of daily living, have severe memory loss, and may not recognize close family members or understand their surroundings. The described symptoms do not yet indicate this level of severity.

D. Moderate dementia: This stage is characterized by more pronounced memory loss, confusion, difficulty with language, and an increasing need for help with daily tasks such as dressing and bathing, matching the client's symptoms.

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Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. "Donepezil (Aricept) encourages production of acetylcholine, a chemical in the brain necessary for memory processes. It delays the progression of the disease.": This statement is partially correct. Donepezil inhibits the breakdown of acetylcholine rather than encouraging its production. However, it correctly states that it delays the progression of Alzheimer's disease.

B. "Donepezil (Aricept) delays the destruction of dopamine, a chemical in the brain necessary for memory processes. Although most effective in the early stages, it serves to delay, but not stop, the progression of the disease.": This is incorrect because Alzheimer's disease primarily involves acetylcholine, not dopamine.

C. "Donepezil (Aricept) delays the destruction of acetylcholine, a chemical in the brain necessary for memory processes. Although most effective in the early stages, it serves to delay, but not stop, the progression of the disease.": This is the correct statement. Donepezil is a cholinesterase inhibitor that helps maintain acetylcholine levels in the brain, which is important for memory and cognitive function. It does not cure Alzheimer's disease but can slow its progression.

D. "Donepezil (Aricept) encourages production of dopamine, a chemical in the brain necessary for memory processes. It delays the progression of the disease.": This is incorrect because donepezil does not affect dopamine levels significantly in the context of Alzheimer's disease.

A. Chronic pain B. Low self-esteem C. Euphoria D. Irritability E. Insomnia

Correct Answer is ["A","B","D","E"]

Explanation

A. Chronic pain: Depression can manifest as physical symptoms, including chronic pain, in adolescents.

B. Low self-esteem: This is a common feature of depression, where individuals may feel worthless or inadequate.

C. Euphoria: Euphoria is more associated with manic episodes, not depression.

D. Irritability: Depression in adolescents often presents with irritability rather than sadness.

E. Insomnia: Sleep disturbances, including insomnia, are common symptoms of depression.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nursing instructor is teaching about donepezil (Aricept). A student asks, "How does this work? Will this cure Alzheimer's disease (AD)?" Which appropriate statement will the instructor make?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is caring for an adolescent who is experiencing depression. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer is ["A","B","D","E"]

Explanation

A 9-year-old client with oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) has been referred to a child psychologist due to frequent outbursts and defiant behavior at home and school. Which of the following interventions should the nurse prioritize to help manage the child's behavior effectively?

A nurse has been moved to an older adult Mental Health Unit for her shift. Which factor is most associated with mental health in older adults?

A nurse is assessing a client who has paranoid personality disorder. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

The nurse is caring for a client who is being admitted to the hospital with a neurocognitive disease due to Alzheimer's disease. Which action by the nurse is the priority?

A nurse in an acute care facility is assessing a client who had hip surgery and has Alzheimer's disease. The nurse asks the client how therapy went that morning. Which of the following statements by the client should the nurse document as confabulation?

The nurse is caring for an older adult client who is experiencing delirium. Which of the following should be the priority action by the nurse?