The nurse is teaching a client with gastritis about self-management. Which statement made by the client should the nurse recognize as needing additional education?

Report black stools to healthcare provider.

Consume caffeine in moderation.

Drink plenty of water with meals.

Avoid taking ibuprofen for headaches.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Rationale:

A. Reporting black, tarry stools is an essential self-management skill that indicates the client understands the risks of gastric hemorrhage. Gastritis involves inflammation of the stomach lining, which can progress to erosions and gastrointestinal bleeding. Recognizing melena as a sign of upper GI bleeding allows for prompt medical intervention. This statement shows correct understanding and does not require additional education.

B. The statement regarding consuming caffeine in moderation requires additional education because caffeine is a potent stimulant of parietal cells. Caffeine increases gastric acid secretion and can irritate the already inflamed gastric mucosa, exacerbating symptoms of gastritis. Clients with this condition are typically advised to eliminate caffeine entirely rather than simply moderating their intake. Complete avoidance is necessary to facilitate mucosal healing and prevent symptomatic flare-ups.

C. Drinking plenty of water with meals is generally acceptable for clients with gastritis as it does not directly irritate the stomach lining. Unlike other conditions where fluid restriction at mealtimes is required, hydration helps maintain physiological balance without increasing acid production. This behavior does not pose a risk to the client’s recovery or management of stomach inflammation. This statement reflects safe behavior and does not necessitate further teaching from the nursing staff.

D. Avoiding ibuprofen is a correct and vital strategy for managing gastritis because non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) inhibit prostaglandin synthesis. Prostaglandins are necessary for maintaining the protective mucus barrier of the stomach; thus, NSAIDs directly contribute to gastric erosion and ulceration. The client’s intention to avoid these medications shows a clear understanding of how to prevent further mucosal damage. This statement indicates successful learning and requires no further intervention.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: A haematocrit of 30% is below the normal range and indicates anaemia, which is common in hypothyroidism. However, it does not require immediate intervention compared to a decline in consciousness.

Choice B reason: Facial puffiness and periorbital enema are common signs of hypothyroidism but do not require immediate intervention. They are more indicative of chronic, rather than acute, issues.

Choice C reason: A further decline in level of consciousness is critical and warrants immediate action. It can indicate a myxoedema coma, a severe complication of hypothyroidism that is life-threatening and requires urgent treatment.

Choice D reason: Cold and dry skin is a common symptom of hypothyroidism but does not require immediate intervention compared to a decline in consciousness.

A. Bounding peripheral pulse. B. uneven hair distribution. C. Lower leg enema. D. bronze pigmentation.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: A bounding peripheral pulse indicates increased arterial circulation and is not a sign of compromised peripheral arterial circulation. In cases of arterial insufficiency, pulses may actually be diminished or absent.

Choice B reason: Uneven hair distribution is a classic sign of compromised peripheral arterial circulation. Poor blood flow to the extremities can lead to decreased hair growth, causing patchy or uneven hair distribution. This symptom is often seen in clients with peripheral arterial disease.

Choice C reason: Lower leg enema is more commonly associated with venous insufficiency rather than arterial insufficiency. Edem results from fluid accumulation due to poor venous return rather than issues with arterial circulation.

Choice D reason: Bronze pigmentation is often related to chronic venous insufficiency and hemosiderin deposition in the skin. It is not typically a sign of compromised arterial circulation. Arterial issues are more likely to cause pallor or cyanosis in the affected extremity.

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The nurse is teaching a client with gastritis about self-management. Which statement made by the client should the nurse recognize as needing additional education?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is B

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