The nurse is evaluating a client's understanding of diet teaching about the DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) eating plan. Which behaviour indicates that the client is adhering to the eating plan?

No longer includes grains in daily diet.

Enjoys fat-free yogurt as an occasional snack food.

Uses only lactose-free dairy products.

Carefully cleans and peels all fresh fruit and vegetables.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason: The DASH eating plan does not recommend excluding grains from the daily diet. In fact, whole grains are an important part of the DASH diet.

Choice B reason: Enjoying fat-free yogurt as an occasional snack food aligns with the DASH diet's emphasis on low-fat dairy products. This behaviour indicates adherence to the dietary guidelines for reducing hypertension.

Choice C reason: Using lactose-free dairy products is not specifically related to the DASH diet. It may be relevant for individuals who are lactose intolerant, but it does not indicate adherence to the DASH diet principles.

Choice D reason: Carefully cleaning and peeling fresh fruits and vegetables is a good practice for food safety but does not specifically indicate adherence to the DASH diet. The DASH diet encourages the consumption of fruits and vegetables, but how they are cleaned and prepared is less relevant than the overall dietary choices.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: Sending the client to x-ray for a flat plate of the abdomen is important for diagnosing the underlying cause of symptoms, such as bowel obstruction or severe inflammation. However, in the immediate situation, it is essential to relieve the client's symptoms and stabilize their condition first.

Choice B reason: Giving a prescribed analgesic for temperature above 101°F (38.3°C) can help manage fever and pain. However, it is not the first priority. The client’s primary issue is abdominal cramping, nausea, and vomiting, which need to be addressed urgently to prevent further complications.

Choice C reason: Placing an indwelling urinary catheter and attaching it to a bedside drainage unit may be necessary if there are urinary retention concerns. However, this intervention does not directly address the gastrointestinal symptoms that are currently most troubling for the client.

Choice D reason: Inserting a nasogastric tube (NGT) and attaching it to low intermittent suction is the most immediate priority. This action helps to decompress the stomach, relieve nausea and vomiting, and prevent further complications such as aspiration or worsening of the obstruction. It provides immediate symptomatic relief and allows for better management of the client's condition.

A. Join a group weight loss program. B. Begin a smoking cessation class. C. Consider hormone replacement therapy. D. Schedule rest periods after eating.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: Joining a group weight loss program is important for the client's overall health, particularly due to obesity being a significant risk factor for gallbladder disease. Weight loss can help decrease the likelihood of gallstone formation and other gallbladder-related issues. Participation in a weight loss program can also provide support and structured guidance for achieving a healthier weight.

Choice B reason: Beginning a smoking cessation class is beneficial for the client's health, as smoking is a risk factor for many diseases, including gallbladder issues. However, in the context of reducing gallbladder disease risk, weight loss would have a more direct and immediate impact, making it the primary focus for intervention.

Choice C reason: Considering hormone replacement therapy may be relevant for managing symptoms associated with menopause. However, it is not directly related to the risk reduction for gallbladder disease. Hormone replacement therapy should be discussed with a healthcare provider to weigh the benefits and risks.

Choice D reason: Scheduling rest periods after eating is generally helpful for digestion and comfort, but it does not directly address the key risk factors for gallbladder disease in this client, such as obesity and diet. Addressing these primary risk factors through weight loss would be more effective in reducing the client's risk.

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The nurse is evaluating a client's understanding of diet teaching about the DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) eating plan. Which behaviour indicates that the client is adhering to the eating plan?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client with Crohn's disease is admitted to the medical unit with a three-day history of abdominal cramping, nausea, and vomiting. Which prescription should the nurse implement first?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A client who is postmenopausal, obese, and is a smoker, has developed an intolerance to fatty foods and believes she is at risk for developing gallbladder problems. Which instruction should the nurse provide to help reduce the client's risk for gallbladder disease?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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