The nurse is setting up an intravenous infusion pump to administer a dose of vancomycin [Vancocin] to a patient. What is the fastest rate at which the drug may be infused?

A. Aminoglycosides: Aminoglycosides are a different class of antibiotics. They do not have cross-sensitivity with penicillin. People who are allergic to penicillin can usually take aminoglycosides without a problem.

B. Erythromycins: Erythromycins are macrolide antibiotics. They are not related to penicillin structurally, so there is no cross-sensitivity between penicillin and erythromycins. People allergic to penicillin can generally take erythromycin without issues.

C. Quinolones: Quinolones, also known as fluoroquinolones, are a different class of antibiotics. They do not share a structural similarity with penicillin, so there is usually no cross-sensitivity between penicillin and quinolones. People allergic to penicillin can usually take quinolones without problems.

D. Cephalosporins: Cephalosporins are beta-lactam antibiotics, just like penicillins. They have a similar chemical structure to penicillins, which can lead to cross-sensitivity. Individuals who are allergic to penicillin might also have an allergic reaction to cephalosporins due to this structural resemblance. However, it's important to note that not all cephalosporins are the same, and the risk of cross-reactivity varies among different generations of cephalosporins. Healthcare providers need to assess the specific situation and choose an appropriate antibiotic if there is a known penicillin allergy.

A. Hypertension: Anaphylaxis often leads to a rapid drop in blood pressure (hypotension) rather than hypertension. Hypotension is a more common symptom because of the severe vasodilation that occurs during anaphylactic reactions.

B. Angioedema: Yes, angioedema is a common clinical manifestation of anaphylaxis. Angioedema involves swelling of the deeper layers of the skin, often around the eyes and lips. It can also affect the throat, which can be life-threatening due to airway obstruction.

C. Petechiae: Petechiae are small red or purple spots that appear on the skin and are caused by bleeding into the skin's tissues. They are not a typical manifestation of anaphylaxis.

D. Bronchospasm: Yes, bronchospasm is a hallmark clinical manifestation of anaphylaxis. It involves the sudden constriction of the airways, leading to difficulty in breathing and wheezing.