The nurse is reinforcing teaching provided to a patient with Raynaud's disease. Which measure should the nurse include to prevent an attack?

Get plenty of outdoor exercise all year.

Keep affected body areas covered at all times.

Take vasopressors to prevent exacerbation of symptoms.

Avoid stimulation that causes vasoconstriction.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A reason: Getting plenty of outdoor exercise all year is beneficial for overall health but does not specifically prevent Raynaud's attacks, especially in cold weather.

Choice B reason: Keeping affected body areas covered, especially in cold weather, helps prevent Raynaud's attacks by maintaining warmth.

Choice C reason: Taking vasopressors is not a measure to prevent Raynaud's attacks; vasopressors could potentially worsen the condition by causing further vasoconstriction.

Choice D reason: Avoiding stimulation that causes vasoconstriction, such as stress and cold temperatures, is key to preventing Raynaud's attacks.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: While patients with HbA1c levels below 6% are generally considered to have good glycemic control, this does not guarantee they will be free from complications.

Choice B reason: Diabetes complications often involve vascular issues, affecting both large (macrovascular) and small (microvascular) blood vessels, leading to a range of complications such as cardiovascular disease and neuropathy.

Choice C reason: Chronic hypoglycemia can lead to various health issues, but it is not typically classified as a long-term complication of diabetes. Instead, it is a risk associated with diabetes management, particularly with insulin use.

Choice D reason: Both Type 1 and Type 2 diabetics are at risk for complications. Tight glycemic control can reduce the risk, but it does not eliminate it, and Type 1 diabetics are not necessarily at the greatest risk.

A. Tumor in situ, no invasion of other tissues. B. Distant metastasis to other sites. C. Abnormal cells present, has spread into nearby tissues. D. No abnormal cells.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: Tumor in situ refers to a tumor that has not invaded surrounding tissues, which is not indicative of stage IV cancer.

Choice B reason: Stage IV cancer is characterized by distant metastasis, meaning the cancer has spread to other sites away from the primary location.

Choice C reason: While the spread into nearby tissues indicates progression, it does not necessarily mean stage IV unless there is distant metastasis.

Choice D reason: The presence of no abnormal cells would not be consistent with any stage of cancer.

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The nurse is reinforcing teaching provided to a patient with Raynaud's disease. Which measure should the nurse include to prevent an attack?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is B

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