The nurse is providing information to a parent of a six-month old about vaccinations.
Which statement made by the parent should the nurse recognize as understanding the information?
Immunocompromised children can be given a live virus vaccine.
Children with febrile illness should not receive a vaccine.
Second doses of vaccines can be given to children with prior allergic reactions.
Breastfed children cannot receive a vaccine until after the introduction of solid foods.
Breastfed children cannot receive a vaccine until after the introduction of solid foods.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale
Immunocompromised children are generally not given live virus vaccines due to the risk of developing the disease the vaccine is meant to prevent.
Choice B rationale
This is the correct statement. If a child has a fever or is ill, vaccination may be postponed.
Choice C rationale
Second doses of vaccines are generally not given to children who have had allergic reactions to the first dose.
Choice D rationale
Breastfeeding does not interfere with the effectiveness of vaccines. In fact, breastfeeding can enhance the response to certain vaccine antigens.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Hypoglycemia, or low blood sugar, is a concern in newborns, but it is not the most immediate concern within the first minutes after delivery.
Choice B rationale
While newborns do have certain bleeding tendencies due to immature clotting mechanisms, this is not the immediate priority in the first minutes after birth.
Choice C rationale
The priority issue that the nurse should address to ensure the newborn’s survival is heat loss.
Newborns are at high risk of heat loss and maintaining their body temperature is crucial. This is because they have a large body surface area relative to their weight and their temperature regulation mechanism is not fully developed.
Choice D rationale
Fluid balance is important in newborns, but it is not the immediate concern in the first minutes after birth. The initial focus is on establishing respiration and maintaining body temperature.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
While inspecting the infant’s ears daily can help detect signs of an ear infection early, it does not prevent recurrent otitis media.
Choice B rationale
Positioning the infant prone after feeding does not prevent recurrent otitis media and can actually increase the risk of sudden infant death syndrome.
Choice C rationale
While breastfeeding frequently can provide numerous health benefits for the infant, it does not specifically prevent recurrent otitis media.
Choice D rationale
Avoiding exposure to smoke can help prevent recurrent otitis media in infants. Smoke can irritate the Eustachian tubes, which can lead to fluid buildup and increase the risk of ear infections.
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