A newborn’s assessment reveals spina bifida occulta.
Which maternal factor should the nurse identify as having the greatest impact on the development of this newborn complication?
Preeclampsia
Tobacco use
Folic acid deficiency
Short interval pregnancy
Short interval pregnancy
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale
Preeclampsia is a pregnancy complication characterized by high blood pressure and signs of damage to another organ system, often the liver and kidneys. While it can have serious implications for the mother and baby, it is not directly linked to the development of spina bifida occulta in the newborn.
Choice B rationale
Tobacco use during pregnancy can lead to several complications, including low birth weight, preterm birth, and certain birth defects. However, it is not identified as a significant risk factor for spina bifida occulta.
Choice C rationale
Folic acid deficiency during pregnancy is a well-known risk factor for neural tube defects, including spina bifida. Spina bifida occulta is a mild form of spina bifida caused by a gap forming between the vertebrae in the spinal cord during fetal development. Adequate intake of folic acid, especially during the early stages of pregnancy, can help prevent such defects.
Choice D rationale
Short interval pregnancy refers to pregnancies that are closely spaced. While they can lead to complications such as preterm birth and low birth weight, they are not directly associated with an increased risk of spina bifida occulta.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Preparing a vacuum is not the first action to take in this situation. A vacuum-assisted delivery might be considered in some cases, but it’s not the immediate action when the fetal head retracts against the perineum.
Choice B rationale
Applying suprapubic pressure is the correct action. This situation describes shoulder dystocia, where the baby’s shoulder gets stuck behind the mother’s pelvic bone during delivery. Suprapubic pressure can help dislodge the baby’s shoulder and allow the delivery to proceed.
Choice C rationale
Applying fundal pressure is not recommended in this situation. Fundal pressure could potentially worsen shoulder dystocia and is generally avoided.
Choice D rationale
Preparing forceps is not the immediate action to take. Forceps may be used in some delivery situations, but in the case of shoulder dystocia, other maneuvers are tried first.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
While it is true that the ointment can help prevent certain types of infections, it is not specifically intended to prevent herpes infection. Herpes is a viral infection, and the ointment is an antibiotic, which is used to prevent bacterial infections.
Choice B rationale
The primary purpose of eye ointment is to protect newborns from serious eye infections caused by common bacteria. Mothers who have a sexually transmitted infection (STI) can pass it to their newborns during childbirth, putting them at risk for an eye infection known as ophthalmia neonatorum (ON)3.
Choice C rationale
The ointment does not serve to clear the infant’s vision. It is applied to the eyes to prevent bacterial infections, not to improve or alter the infant’s vision.
Choice D rationale
The ointment is not used to dilate the pupil to visualize the red reflex. The red reflex is a reflection from the lining of the eye that is often observed when looking at the pupil, but this is not related to the application of the ointment.
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