The nurse is performing an annual check-up for an 8-year-old child. Compared to the previous assessment of this child, which characteristic would most likely be observed?

Pulse rate is increased.

Breathing is diaphragmatic.

Secondary sex characteristics are present.

Blood pressure has reached adult level.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Pulse rate is increased.

While there may be variations in pulse rate due to factors such as activity level and emotional state, a significant increase in pulse rate would not be a typical finding during an annual check- up for an 8-year-old child.

B. Breathing is diaphragmatic.

As children grow older, their respiratory patterns mature, and they develop diaphragmatic breathing, which is deeper and more efficient than the shallow breathing observed in infants. This change would be expected as the child gets older.

C. Secondary sex characteristics are present.

The development of secondary sex characteristics typically occurs during puberty, which begins around the ages of 9 to 13 in girls and 10 to 14 in boys. At 8 years old, it would be unlikely for significant secondary sex characteristics to be present.

D. Blood pressure has reached adult level.

Blood pressure in children gradually increases with age, but it does not reach adult levels until adolescence. At 8 years old, the child's blood pressure would still be within the pediatric range and would not resemble adult levels.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. "This is normal behavior for infants unless the stool passed is black or green.": While black or green stools may indicate potential issues, grunting and crying during bowel movements are common behaviors in infants and are not necessarily indicative of a problem.

B. "This is normal behavior for infants due to the immaturity of the gastrointestinal system.": Grunting and crying during bowel movements are typical behaviors in infants, especially during the first few months of life. This is because the infant's gastrointestinal system is still developing and they may have difficulty coordinating their muscles to pass stool smoothly.

C. "This is normal behavior for infants unless the stool passed is hard and dry.": While hard and dry stools may indicate constipation, grunting and crying during bowel movements can still be normal behaviors in infants, regardless of the consistency of the stool.

D. "This indicates a blockage in the intestine and must be reported to the health care provider.": Grunting and crying during bowel movements are not necessarily indicative of a blockage in the intestine. These behaviors are common in infants and usually resolve as the infant's gastrointestinal system matures.

A. The nasal passages are narrower. B. The tongue is smaller. C. There are significantly fewer alveoli. D. The larynx is more funnel shaped. E. The trachea and chest wall are less compliant.

Correct Answer is ["A","C","D","E"]

Explanation

A. Narrower nasal passages can lead to increased airway resistance and difficulty in breathing, as infants are primarily nasal breathers.

B. A smaller tongue does not directly contribute to respiratory compromise; however, it can pose a risk for airway obstruction if the tongue falls back against the oropharynx.

C. Significantly fewer alveoli mean less surface area for gas exchange, which can impair oxygenation and carbon dioxide elimination.

D. A more funnel-shaped larynx can predispose infants to upper airway obstruction and increase the work of breathing.

E. Less compliant trachea and chest wall make it harder for the infant to expand the lungs, leading to increased work of breathing and potential respiratory distress.

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The nurse is performing an annual check-up for an 8-year-old child. Compared to the previous assessment of this child, which characteristic would most likely be observed?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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