The nurse caring for newborns knows that infants exhibit phenomenal increases in their gross motor skills over the first 12 months of life. Which statements accurately describe the typical infant's achievement of these milestones? Select all that apply.

At 12 months, the infant walks independently.

At 7 months, the infant sits alone with some use of hands for support.

At 9 months, the infant crawls with the abdomen off the floor.

At 1 month, the infant lifts and turns the head to the side in the prone position.

At 2 months, the infant rolls from supine to prone to back again.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : B,D

A.   At 12 months, the infant walks independently: Most infants begin walking independently between 12 and 15 months of age, but it's not typically achieved by 12 months.
B.   At 7 months, the infant sits alone with some use of hands for support: This is an accurate statement. By around 6 to 8 months, infants develop the ability to sit unsupported, although they may still use their hands for balance.
C.   At 9 months, the infant crawls with the abdomen off the floor: Crawling typically begins between 7 and 10 months, but the abdomen may still be close to the floor initially.
D.   At 1 month, the infant lifts and turns the head to the side in the prone position: This is an accurate statement. Newborns typically exhibit head control and turning movements when placed on their stomachs (prone position) by around 1 month of age.

E. At 2 months, the infant rolls from supine to prone to back again: Rolling from supine to prone and back may begin around 4 to 6 months, but it's less likely to occur at 2 months.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Vary the child's schedule each day: While some variation in activities may be beneficial, providing a stable and predictable routine can also promote a sense of security and stability for the child during hospitalization.

B. According to Erikson's psychosocial development theory, the psychosocial stage for a 10- year-old child is industry versus inferiority. During this stage, children are developing a sense of competence by mastering new skills and tasks. Encouraging the child to complete school work supports this developmental stage by fostering a sense of accomplishment and competence. It

also helps maintain a sense of normalcy and continuity with academic activities despite the hospitalization.

C. Discourage visits from the client's friends: Social interaction with peers is important for the child's emotional well-being and development. Discouraging visits from friends would likely have a negative impact on the child's psychosocial needs during hospitalization.

D. Provide a daily session with a play therapist: While play therapy may be beneficial for addressing emotional needs, it may not directly address the child's psychosocial development according to Erikson's theory. Encouraging completion of school work aligns more closely with the developmental tasks of this stage.

A. "This is a primitive reflex known as the palmar grasp." B. "This is a protective reflex known as rooting." C. "This is a primitive reflex known as the plantar grasp." D. "This is a protective reflex known as the Moro reflex."

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. "This is a primitive reflex known as the palmar grasp.": The palmar grasp reflex is a primitive reflex observed in newborns where they automatically grasp onto objects (or fingers) that touch

their palms. This reflex typically disappears by around 6 months of age.

B. "This is a protective reflex known as rooting.": Rooting is a reflex where newborns turn their head and open their mouth in response to cheek or mouth stimulation, facilitating breastfeeding. It is not related to grasping objects with the hands.

C. "This is a primitive reflex known as the plantar grasp.": The plantar grasp reflex is similar to the palmar grasp but occurs when pressure is applied to the sole of the foot. It is unrelated to grasping objects with the hands.

D. "This is a protective reflex known as the Moro reflex.": The Moro reflex, also known as the startle reflex, involves the newborn's arms and legs extending and then flexing in response to a sudden movement or loud noise. It is not related to grasping objects with the hands.

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The nurse caring for newborns knows that infants exhibit phenomenal increases in their gross motor skills over the first 12 months of life. Which statements accurately describe the typical infant's achievement of these milestones? Select all that apply.

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is planning care for a 10-year-old child who will be hospitalized for an extended period of time. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan of care to meet the client's psychosocial needs according to Erikson?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A new mother shows the nurse that her baby grasps her finger when she touches the baby's palm. How might the nurse respond to this information?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is teaching a parent of a 6-month-old infant about car seat safety. Which of the following statements by the parent indicates an understanding of the teaching?

The nurse is assessing the motor skills of a 5-year-old girl. Which finding would cause the nurse to be concerned?

The nurse is caring for a 5-year-old girl post-tonsillectomy. The girl looks out the window and tells the nurse that it is raining and says. The sky is crying because it is sad that my throat hurts." The nurse understands that the girl is demonstrating which mental process?

A nurse is providing anticipatory guidance about child development to the parents of a preschooler. Which of the following developmental tasks should the nurse include as being expected of a preschooler?

The nurse is assessing a 4-month-old boy during a scheduled visit. Which findings might suggest a developmental problem?

A nurse in a clinic is assessing a 7-month-old infant. Which of the following indicates a need for further evaluation?

A nurse is monitoring an infant who is 3 months old and has sneezing, coughing, nasal congestion, intermittent fever, and apneic spells. These nurse should recognize these findings are associated with which of the following diagnoses?

A nurse is developing a health program for the parents of school-age boys. Which of the following information about pubescent changes should the nurse include in the program?