The nurse caring for newborns knows that infants exhibit phenomenal increases in their gross motor skills over the first 12 months of life. Which statements accurately describe the typical infant's achievement of these milestones? Select all that apply.

At 12 months, the infant walks independently.

At 7 months, the infant sits alone with some use of hands for support.

At 9 months, the infant crawls with the abdomen off the floor.

At 1 month, the infant lifts and turns the head to the side in the prone position.

At 2 months, the infant rolls from supine to prone to back again.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : B,D

A.   At 12 months, the infant walks independently: Most infants begin walking independently between 12 and 15 months of age, but it's not typically achieved by 12 months.
B.   At 7 months, the infant sits alone with some use of hands for support: This is an accurate statement. By around 6 to 8 months, infants develop the ability to sit unsupported, although they may still use their hands for balance.
C.   At 9 months, the infant crawls with the abdomen off the floor: Crawling typically begins between 7 and 10 months, but the abdomen may still be close to the floor initially.
D.   At 1 month, the infant lifts and turns the head to the side in the prone position: This is an accurate statement. Newborns typically exhibit head control and turning movements when placed on their stomachs (prone position) by around 1 month of age.

E. At 2 months, the infant rolls from supine to prone to back again: Rolling from supine to prone and back may begin around 4 to 6 months, but it's less likely to occur at 2 months.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Describing the tongue extrusion reflex: The tongue extrusion reflex is typically present in

infants up to around 4 to 6 months of age and diminishes as they begin to eat solid foods. At 7 months, this reflex is likely no longer prominent.

B. Explaining how to prepare table meats: While introducing solid foods is important around 6 months of age, meats are often introduced later in infancy due to their texture and potential

allergenicity. At 7 months, infants may still be primarily consuming pureed or mashed foods.

C. Advising about increased caloric needs: At 7 months, infants are transitioning to a more varied diet that includes solid foods alongside breast milk or formula. Guidance on meeting their

increasing nutritional needs is crucial at this stage.

D. Discussing the type of sippy cup to usE. Sippy cups are typically introduced closer to the end of the first year or during the transition to weaning from the bottle. While it's important to

discuss appropriate feeding utensils, addressing increased caloric needs is a more immediate concern for a 7-month-old infant.

A. Inspection, percussion, palpation, auscultation B. Inspection, palpation, percussion, auscultation C. Palpation, percussion, inspection, auscultation D. Inspection, auscultation, palpation, percussion

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Inspection, percussion, palpation, auscultation: This sequence starts with visual inspection, followed by percussion (tapping the body to assess underlying structures), palpation (using the hands to feel for abnormalities), and finally auscultation (listening with a stethoscope to assess sounds such as heart, lung, or bowel sounds). However, palpation is usually performed before percussion.

B. Inspection, palpation, percussion, auscultation: This is the correct sequence for performing a physical examination. It begins with visual inspection, followed by palpation to assess for

tenderness, masses, or other abnormalities, then percussion to evaluate the density of underlying structures, and finally auscultation to listen to internal sounds.

C. Palpation, percussion, inspection, auscultation: This sequence starts with palpation, followed by percussion, then inspection, and finally auscultation. However, inspection is typically performed before palpation in a physical examination.

D. Inspection, auscultation, palpation, percussion: This sequence starts with visual inspection, followed by auscultation, palpation, and percussion. While auscultation often follows inspection, palpation is usually performed before auscultation.

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The nurse caring for newborns knows that infants exhibit phenomenal increases in their gross motor skills over the first 12 months of life. Which statements accurately describe the typical infant's achievement of these milestones? Select all that apply.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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