The nurse caring for newborns knows that infants exhibit phenomenal increases in their gross motor skills over the first 12 months of life. Which statements accurately describe the typical infant's achievement of these milestones? Select all that apply.

At 12 months, the infant walks independently.

At 7 months, the infant sits alone with some use of hands for support.

At 9 months, the infant crawls with the abdomen off the floor.

At 1 month, the infant lifts and turns the head to the side in the prone position.

At 2 months, the infant rolls from supine to prone to back again.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : B,D

A.   At 12 months, the infant walks independently: Most infants begin walking independently between 12 and 15 months of age, but it's not typically achieved by 12 months.
B.   At 7 months, the infant sits alone with some use of hands for support: This is an accurate statement. By around 6 to 8 months, infants develop the ability to sit unsupported, although they may still use their hands for balance.
C.   At 9 months, the infant crawls with the abdomen off the floor: Crawling typically begins between 7 and 10 months, but the abdomen may still be close to the floor initially.
D.   At 1 month, the infant lifts and turns the head to the side in the prone position: This is an accurate statement. Newborns typically exhibit head control and turning movements when placed on their stomachs (prone position) by around 1 month of age.

E. At 2 months, the infant rolls from supine to prone to back again: Rolling from supine to prone and back may begin around 4 to 6 months, but it's less likely to occur at 2 months.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Uses thumb and index fingers in a pincer grasp: The pincer grasp typically develops around 9 to 12 months of age, not at 6 months.

B. Sitting steadily without support: Most infants begin to sit steadily without support between 6 and 8 months of age, so this would be considered a developmental milestone for a 6-month-old.

C. Closed posterior fontanel: The posterior fontanel typically closes by 2 months of age. By 6 months, the posterior fontanel should be closed, so this finding would not be expected.

D. Lateral incisors: By 6 months of age, most infants will have erupted their lower central

incisors. The eruption of the lateral incisors typically occurs around 9 to 13 months of age, so this would be a normal finding for a 6-month-old infant.

A. Set of building blocks B. Toy hammer and pounding board C. Picture book about hospitals D. Stuffed animal

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Set of building blocks: While building blocks can be engaging toys for children, they may not effectively address the emotional needs of a child experiencing distress or separation anxiety. Building blocks are more suitable for activities that promote creativity and fine motor skills.

B. Toy hammer and pounding boarD. Toys that involve physical activity, such as a toy hammer and pounding board, may not be appropriate for a child experiencing emotional distress. These toys may require energy and concentration that the child may not be able to focus on during a tantrum.

C. Picture book about hospitals: While a picture book about hospitals may help familiarize the child with the hospital environment, it may not provide immediate comfort during a tantrum. This type of resource may be more beneficial for preparing the child for medical procedures or explaining what to expect during hospitalization.

D. Stuffed animal: Providing a stuffed animal can offer comfort and reassurance to a child experiencing stress or separation anxiety. A soft and cuddly toy like a stuffed animal can serve as a transitional object, providing emotional support and security when the parent is not present. Children often form attachments to stuffed animals, which can help them cope with unfamiliar or challenging situations.

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The nurse caring for newborns knows that infants exhibit phenomenal increases in their gross motor skills over the first 12 months of life. Which statements accurately describe the typical infant's achievement of these milestones? Select all that apply.

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