A nurse is providing nutritional teaching to the mother of a preschooler and is recommending food options to provide 1 oz of grains. Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend?
1 cup cooked rice
1/2 slice of white bread
1 cup ready-to-eat cereal flakes
1/2 white flour tortilla
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A reason: This choice is incorrect because 1 cup of cooked rice provides more than 1 oz of grains. According to the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), one-ounce equivalent of grains equals one slice of bread, one cup of ready-to-eat cereal, or half a cup of cooked rice, pasta, or cereal. Therefore, 1 cup of cooked rice provides about 2 oz of grains.
Choice B reason: This choice is incorrect because 1/2 slice of white bread provides less than 1 oz of grains. As explained above, one-ounce equivalent of grains equals one slice of bread, so 1/2 slice of white bread provides only 0.5 oz of grains.
Choice C reason: This choice is correct because 1 cup of ready-to-eat cereal flakes provides exactly 1 oz of grains. As explained above, the one-ounce equivalent of grains equals one cup of ready-to-eat cereal, so 1 cup of ready-to-eat cereal flakes provides 1 oz of grains.
Choice D reason: This choice is incorrect because 1/2 white flour tortilla provides less than 1 oz of grains. According to the USDA, one-ounce equivalent of grains equals one small tortilla (6 inches in diameter), so 1/2 white flour tortilla provides only about 0.4 oz of grains.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A: Distended neck veins are not a clinical manifestation of pyloric stenosis, which is a condition that causes the narrowing of the pylorus, which is the opening between the stomach and the small intestine. Distended neck veins are a sign of increased venous pressure, which can occur in conditions that affect the right side of the heart or cause fluid overload.
Choice B: Rigid abdomen is not a clinical manifestation of pyloric stenosis, but rather a sign of peritonitis, which is inflammation of the peritoneum, which is the membrane that lines the abdominal cavity. Peritonitis can be caused by infection, perforation, or trauma to any abdominal organ. A rigid abdomen indicates severe pain and inflammation in the abdominal cavity.
Choice C: Projectile vomiting is a clinical manifestation of pyloric stenosis, as it indicates forceful expulsion of stomach contents due to obstruction at the pylorus. Projectile vomiting can occur shortly after feeding and may contain undigested milk or formula. Projectile vomiting can cause dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, or weight loss.
Choice D: Red currant jelly stools are not a clinical manifestation of pyloric stenosis, but rather a sign of intussusception, which is a condition that causes telescoping of one segment of bowel into another. Intussusception can cause obstruction and ischemia of the bowel and lead to bleeding and necrosis. Red currant jelly stools indicate blood and mucus in the stool.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A: Nausea and vomiting are not common signs of hypoglycemia, which is a low blood glucose level. Nausea and vomiting are more likely to occur with hyperglycemia, which is a high blood glucose level, or with diabetic ketoacidosis, which is a life-threatening complication of diabetes.
Choice B: Sweating is not a common sign of hyperglycemia, but rather a sign of hypoglycemia. Sweating occurs as a result of the activation of the sympathetic nervous system, which tries to raise the blood glucose level by releasing adrenaline and other hormones.
Choice C: The onset of low blood glucose usually occurs quickly, not slowly. Low blood glucose can be caused by taking too much insulin, skipping meals, exercising too much, or drinking alcohol. Low blood glucose can lead to confusion, seizures, coma, or death if not treated promptly.
Choice D: Feeling shaky is a common sign of hypoglycemia, as the body tries to cope with the lack of glucose as an energy source. Feeling shaky can also be accompanied by other signs such as hunger, nervousness, dizziness, or weakness.
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