Which of the following best describes a neuroblastoma?

Choice A reason: This choice is incorrect because limiting intake of high-protein foods is not a method of preventing iron deficiency anemia. High-protein foods are foods that contain a large amount of protein, such as meat, poultry, fish, eggs, dairy products, beans, nuts, or seeds. Protein is a nutrient that helps to build and repair body tissues and support immune function. It may also provide iron, which is a mineral that helps to produce hemoglobin, the protein that carries oxygen in red blood cells. Therefore, limiting intake of high-protein foods may reduce iron intake and increase the risk of iron deficiency anemia.

Choice B reason: This choice is correct because mom should continue prenatal vitamins if breastfeeding or formula with an iron supplement is a method of preventing iron deficiency anemia. Prenatal vitamins are supplements that contain various vitamins and minerals that are essential for pregnant or lactating women and their babies. They may include iron, which helps to prevent maternal and infant anemia. Formula with an iron supplement is a type of infant formula that contains added iron to meet the nutritional needs of infants who are not breastfed or partially breastfed. Therefore, mom should continue prenatal vitamins if breastfeeding or formula with an iron supplement can help to provide adequate iron intake and prevent iron deficiency anemia.

Choice C reason: This choice is incorrect because administering fat-soluble vitamins daily is not a method of preventing iron deficiency anemia. Fat-soluble vitamins are vitamins that dissolve in fat and can be stored in the body, such as vitamins A, D, E, and K. They have various functions such as maintaining vision, bone health, skin health, and blood clotting. They do not have a direct role in preventing iron deficiency anemia.

Choice D reason: This choice is incorrect because including fluoridated water in the toddler's diet is not a method of preventing iron deficiency anemia. Fluoridated water is water that contains fluoride, which is a substance that helps to prevent tooth decay and cavities. It does not have a direct role in preventing iron deficiency anemia.

Choice A: An ostomy is a surgical opening in the abdomen that allows stool to pass out of the body. A child who has Hirschsprung disease, which is a condition that causes a blockage of the large intestine due to a lack of nerve cells, may need an ostomy to relieve the obstruction and prevent complications. The ostomy is usually temporary and can be reversed after the affected part of the intestine is removed or repaired. This statement indicates an understanding of the teaching, as the parent knows that the ostomy is not permanent.

Choice B: A urinary catheter is a tube that drains urine from the bladder. A child who has Hirschsprung disease does not need a urinary catheter, as their condition does not affect their urinary system. This statement indicates a lack of understanding of the teaching, as the parent is confused about the type of surgery or device that their child will have.

Choice C: A feeding tube is a tube that delivers nutrition directly into the stomach or small intestine. A child who has Hirschsprung disease may need a feeding tube if they have severe malnutrition, dehydration, or infection due to their condition. However, this is not always necessary and depends on the individual case and the surgeon's preference.
This statement indicates a lack of understanding of the teaching, as the parent assumes that their child will need a feeding tube without knowing the specific plan.

Choice D: A child who has Hirschsprung disease will not have normal bowel movements after the initial surgery, as they will still have an ostomy that bypasses their large intestine. They will need another surgery to reconnect their intestine and restore their bowel function. This statement indicates a lack of understanding of the teaching, as the parent has unrealistic expectations about the outcome of the surgery.