A nurse is caring for a child who has pertussis. The child's parent asks the nurse what the common name for this disease is. The nurse should respond with which of the following common names?

Mumps

Whooping cough

Fifth disease

Chickenpox

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason: This choice is incorrect because mumps is not the common name for pertussis. Mumps is a viral infection that causes inﬂammation of the salivary glands, especially the parotid glands. It may cause symptoms such as fever, headache, and swelling of the cheeks or jaw. It can be prevented by vaccination with the measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine.

Choice B reason: This choice is correct because whooping cough is the common name for pertussis. Pertussis is a bacterial infection that causes severe coughing spells, which may be followed by a high-pitched whoop sound or vomiting. It may cause complications such as pneumonia, seizures, or brain damage, especially in infants and young children. It can be prevented by vaccination with the diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis (DTaP) vaccine.

Choice C reason: This choice is incorrect because the fifth disease is not the common name for pertussis. The fifth disease is a viral infection that causes a rash on the face, trunk, and limbs, which may resemble a slapped cheek appearance. It may cause mild symptoms such as fever, runny nose, or joint pain. It usually affects children and is self-limiting.

Choice D reason: This choice is incorrect because chickenpox is not the common name for pertussis. Chickenpox is a viral infection that causes an itchy rash with ﬂuid-filled blisters all over the body. It may cause symptoms such as fever, headache, or loss of appetite. It can be prevented by vaccination with the varicella-zoster (VZV) vaccine.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A: This instruction is incorrect, as withholding insulin dose if feeling nauseous can cause hyperglycemia, which is high blood sugar, and diabetic ketoacidosis, which is a life-threatening condition that occurs when the body breaks down fat for energy and produces ketones. Ketones are acidic substances that can cause nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, dehydration, or coma. The child should take their insulin dose as prescribed and monitor their blood sugar levels more frequently when they are sick.

Choice B: This instruction is unnecessary, as notifying the provider if blood glucose levels are within normal parameters does not require any action or intervention. The child and the parents should notify the provider if blood glucose levels are above or below the target range, which is usually 70 to 180 mg/dL for children with type 1 diabetes mellitus. The child and the parents should also notify the provider if they have any signs or symptoms of hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia, or diabetic ketoacidosis.

Choice C: This instruction is incorrect, as limiting ﬂuid intake during mealtime can cause dehydration, which can worsen the symptoms and complications of type 1 diabetes mellitus. Dehydration can cause increased thirst, dry mouth, fatigue, headache, or dizziness. The child should drink plenty of ﬂuids during meal time and throughout the day to hydrate their body and ﬂush out excess glucose and ketones.

Choice D: This instruction is correct, as testing the urine for ketones can help detect diabetic ketoacidosis, which is a life-threatening condition that occurs when the body breaks down fat for energy and produces ketones. Ketones are acidic substances that can cause nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, dehydration, or coma. The child should test their urine for ketones when their blood sugar levels are above 240 mg/dL or when they are sick. The child and the parents should notify the provider if the urine test shows moderate or large amounts of ketones.

A. This is expected for children who are hospitalized to regress. The toileting skills will return when your child is feeling better. B. Why does it bother you that your child has wet the bed? C. Your child did not seem upset, so I wouldn't worry about it if I were you. D. I know this can really be embarrassing. I have kids myself, so I understand, and it doesn't bother me.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: This is a therapeutic response that acknowledges the parent's feelings and provides reassurance that the behavior is normal and temporary. The other responses are either dismissive, judgmental, or self-disclosing, which are not helpful for the parent.
Choice B reason: This is a judgmental response that implies that the parent is overreacting or has unrealistic expectations for their child.
Choice C reason: This is a dismissive response that minimizes the parent's concern and does not offer any support
or information.
Choice D reason: This is a self-disclosing response that shifts the focus from the parent to the nurse and does not
address the issue at hand.

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A nurse is caring for a child who has pertussis. The child's parent asks the nurse what the common name for this disease is. The nurse should respond with which of the following common names?

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A nurse is teaching a school-age child who has type 1 diabetes mellitus and his parents about illness management. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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