A nurse is caring for a child who has pertussis. The child's parent asks the nurse what the common name for this disease is. The nurse should respond with which of the following common names?
Mumps
Whooping cough
Fifth disease
Chickenpox
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: This choice is incorrect because mumps is not the common name for pertussis. Mumps is a viral infection that causes inflammation of the salivary glands, especially the parotid glands. It may cause symptoms such as fever, headache, and swelling of the cheeks or jaw. It can be prevented by vaccination with the measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine.
Choice B reason: This choice is correct because whooping cough is the common name for pertussis. Pertussis is a bacterial infection that causes severe coughing spells, which may be followed by a high-pitched whoop sound or vomiting. It may cause complications such as pneumonia, seizures, or brain damage, especially in infants and young children. It can be prevented by vaccination with the diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis (DTaP) vaccine.
Choice C reason: This choice is incorrect because the fifth disease is not the common name for pertussis. The fifth disease is a viral infection that causes a rash on the face, trunk, and limbs, which may resemble a slapped cheek appearance. It may cause mild symptoms such as fever, runny nose, or joint pain. It usually affects children and is self-limiting.
Choice D reason: This choice is incorrect because chickenpox is not the common name for pertussis. Chickenpox is a viral infection that causes an itchy rash with fluid-filled blisters all over the body. It may cause symptoms such as fever, headache, or loss of appetite. It can be prevented by vaccination with the varicella-zoster (VZV) vaccine.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A: Contact isolation is not appropriate for a child who has measles, which is a highly contagious viral infection that causes fever, rash, cough, runny nose, and red eyes. Contact isolation is used for patients who have infections that can be spread by direct or indirect contact with the patient or their environment, such as wound infections, scabies, or Clostridioides difficile. Contact isolation requires wearing gloves and gowns and using dedicated equipment.
Choice B: Airborne isolation is appropriate for a child who has measles, as it is used for patients who have infections that can be spread by small droplets that can remain suspended in the air and travel over long distances, such as tuberculosis, chickenpox, or measles. Airborne isolation requires wearing a respirator mask and placing the patient in a negative pressure room with the door closed.
Choice C: Protective environment isolation is not appropriate for a child who has measles, as it is used for patients who have compromised immune systems and are at high risk of acquiring infections from others, such as transplant recipients, cancer patients, or patients receiving immunosuppressive therapy. Protective environment isolation requires wearing gloves, gowns, masks, and eye protection and placing the patient in a positive pressure room with high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters.
Choice D: Droplet isolation is not appropriate for a child who has measles, as it is used for patients who have infections that can be spread by large droplets that can travel up to 6 feet from the source, such as influenza, pertussis, or meningitis. Droplet isolation requires wearing a surgical mask and eye protection and placing the patient in a private room or cohorting with other patients with the same infection.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A: Urinary incontinence is a condition of involuntary loss of urine control, which can be caused by various factors, such as nerve damage, bladder dysfunction, or medication side effects. It is not always caused by neuroblastoma, which is a type of cancer that arises from immature nerve cells.
Choice B: Blood-fed is not a term that describes a neuroblastoma. Neuroblastoma is a type of cancer that arises from immature nerve cells, which can form tumors in various parts of the body, such as the adrenal glands, abdomen, chest, or spine.
Choice C: Tiny is not a term that describes a neuroblastoma. Neuroblastoma can vary in size and shape depending on the location and stage of the tumor. Some neuroblastomas can be very large and cause compression of nearby organs or structures.
Choice D: Unfortunately, much of the time, by the time a diagnosis has been made, metastasis has already occurred. This statement describes a neuroblastoma accurately. Neuroblastoma is a type of cancer that arises from immature nerve cells, which can spread rapidly to other parts of the body, such as the bones, liver, lymph nodes, or skin.
Metastasis is the process of cancer cells breaking away from the original tumor and forming new tumors elsewhere. Neuroblastoma often has no specific symptoms until it has metastasized, making it difficult to diagnose early and treat effectively.
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