When describing the differences affecting the pharmacokinetics of drugs administered to children, which would the nurse include?

Absorption of drugs administered by subcutaneous injection is increased.

Absorption of intramuscularly administered drugs is fairly constant.

Topical drugs are absorbed more quickly in young children than adults.

Oral drugs are absorbed more quickly in children than adults.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Absorption of drugs administered by subcutaneous injection is increaseD. Subcutaneous absorption can vary based on factors such as blood flow and tissue characteristics, but it is generally slower and more variable compared to intramuscular absorption.

B. Absorption of intramuscularly administered drugs is fairly constant: Intramuscular absorption tends to be more consistent compared to subcutaneous absorption. However, absorption rates can still be affected by factors such as muscle mass and blood flow.

C. Topical drugs are absorbed more quickly in young children than adults: Topical drug absorption can be influenced by factors such as skin thickness and permeability, but absorption rates may not necessarily be faster in young children compared to adults.

D. Oral drugs are absorbed more quickly in children than adults: This statement is generally incorrect. While gastrointestinal transit time may be faster in children, other factors such as

gastric pH and enzymatic activity can affect oral drug absorption, and absorption rates may not always be faster in children compared to adults.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. "Can you stand very still while I feel how warm you are?": Toddlers may have difficulty understanding abstract requests or instructions. Asking a toddler to stand still to feel warmth may not effectively communicate the purpose of the assessment and may lead to confusion or

resistance.

B. "I am going to listen to your heart.": This statement provides clear, simple language that the toddler can understand. It prepares the child for the assessment and helps establish trust and cooperation.

C. "Can I listen to your lungs?": While this statement is appropriate for assessing respiratory sounds, it may not be as clear or specific as stating the intention to listen to the heart. Toddlers may not understand the term "lungs" as readily as "heart."

D. "I am going to take your blood pressure now.": This statement may cause anxiety or fear in the toddler, especially if they are unfamiliar with the procedure. It is important to prepare the child for each aspect of the assessment in a developmentally appropriate manner.

A. Transduction B. Centration C. Magical thinking D. Animism

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Transduction - Transduction refers to the process of reasoning from one specific instance to another without necessarily understanding the broader concept. The girl's statement about the sky and her throat does not demonstrate this mental process.

B. Centration - Centration involves focusing on only one aspect of a situation while ignoring others. The girl's statement may involve a degree of focus, but it's more indicative of a broader imaginative process.

C. Magical thinking - Magical thinking involves attributing human emotions or characteristics to inanimate objects or natural phenomena. The girl's belief that the sky is crying because it's sad about her throat hurting reflects this type of thinking.

D. Animism - Animism is a belief system that attributes life or consciousness to natural objects or phenomena. While the girl's statement involves anthropomorphizing the sky, it specifically

involves emotions rather than attributing life itself to the sky. Therefore, magical thinking is a more accurate description.

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When describing the differences affecting the pharmacokinetics of drugs administered to children, which would the nurse include?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a toddler. Which of the following statements should the nurse use when preparing to obtain the child's vital signs?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The nurse is caring for a 5-year-old girl post-tonsillectomy. The girl looks out the window and tells the nurse that it is raining and says. The sky is crying because it is sad that my throat hurts." The nurse understands that the girl is demonstrating which mental process?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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