The nurse is giving discharge instructions to a patient on the medical-surgical unit. Which patient should be taught about the possibility of an overwhelming infection?
Post chemotherapy
Diagnosed with sickle cell anemia
Diagnosed with multiple myeloma
Post-splenectomy patient
The Correct Answer is D
A. While patients receiving chemotherapy are at risk for infections due to immunosuppression, the risk of overwhelming infection, particularly from encapsulated bacteria, is higher in post-splenectomy patients due to impaired immune function without the spleen.
B. Patients with sickle cell anemia are at increased risk of infections, particularly from encapsulated bacteria, due to functional asplenia or hyposplenism, but the risk of overwhelming infection is highest in post-splenectomy patients.
C. Patients with multiple myeloma are immunocompromised and at increased risk of infections, but they do not have the same risk of overwhelming infection as post- splenectomy patients.
D. Post-splenectomy patients are at highest risk of overwhelming infection due to impaired immune function resulting from the absence of the spleen, which plays a crucial role in immune surveillance and defense against encapsulated bacteria.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Orange, could also indicate dehydration, but it may also be caused by certain medications or foods, so it is not as specific as dark amber for dehydration.
B. Smoky urine is often associated with blood in the urine, which can result from various conditions but is not specific to dehydration.
C. Dehydration occurs when the body loses more fluids than it takes in, leading to a higher concentration of waste products in the urine, which gives it a dark amber color. This is because with less water to dilute them, the naturally occurring minerals and chemicals in the urine become more concentrated.
D. Green urine is not typically associated with dehydration and may indicate other underlying conditions or the presence of certain medications or foods.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Postoperative pain typically resolves after a laparoscopic cholecystectomy since the surgery removes the gallbladder
B. While positioning during surgery can cause discomfort, isolated right shoulder pain is more commonly attributed to the diaphragmatic irritation from residual nitrous oxide in the abdomen.
C. Nitrous dioxide used during laparoscopic procedures is not associated with referred pain to the right shoulder. The pain is due to carbon dioxide gas used during the procedure resulting in the irritation of the diaphragm.
D. This pain is often due to the carbon dioxide used to inflate the abdomen during surgery, which can irritate the diaphragm and refer pain to the shoulder. Ambulation helps to absorb the gas more quickly.
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