The nurse is giving discharge instructions to a patient on the medical-surgical unit. Which patient should be taught about the possibility of an overwhelming infection?

Post chemotherapy

Diagnosed with sickle cell anemia

Diagnosed with multiple myeloma

Post-splenectomy patient

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A.   While patients receiving chemotherapy are at risk for infections due to immunosuppression, the risk of overwhelming infection, particularly from encapsulated bacteria, is higher in post-splenectomy patients due to impaired immune function without the spleen.
B.   Patients with sickle cell anemia are at increased risk of infections, particularly from encapsulated bacteria, due to functional asplenia or hyposplenism, but the risk of overwhelming infection is highest in post-splenectomy patients.
C.   Patients with multiple myeloma are immunocompromised and at increased risk of infections, but they do not have the same risk of overwhelming infection as post- splenectomy patients.
D.   Post-splenectomy patients are at highest risk of overwhelming infection due to impaired immune function resulting from the absence of the spleen, which plays a crucial role in immune surveillance and defense against encapsulated bacteria.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. This meal is high in fat, which may be poorly tolerated after a cholecystectomy, as it can exacerbate symptoms such as diarrhea and abdominal discomfort.
B. This meal is high in fat and may be difficult to digest after a cholecystectomy.

Whole milk can also be rich in fat, which may not be well tolerated.

C. This meal is lower in fat and includes easily digestible foods such as roast turkey and rice, which are generally well tolerated after a cholecystectomy. Gelatin dessert provides a light and refreshing option for dessert without adding excess fat.
D. This meal is high in fat, which may be poorly tolerated after a cholecystectomy, as it can exacerbate symptoms such as diarrhea and abdominal discomfort.

A. A patient with sinus bradycardia with a heart rate of 53 beats/minute B. A patient with premature atrial contractions who is asymptomatic C. A patient with atrial fibrillation reporting dyspnea D. A patient with sinus tachycardia with a heart rate of 108 beats/minute

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Sinus bradycardia may not require immediate intervention if the patient is asymptomatic and stable.
B. Asymptomatic premature atrial contractions may not require immediate attention unless they are associated with significant symptoms or hemodynamic instability.
C. Dyspnea in a patient with atrial fibrillation may indicate heart failure or other complications and requires prompt assessment and intervention.
D. Sinus tachycardia may not require immediate intervention if the patient is asymptomatic and stable.

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The nurse is giving discharge instructions to a patient on the medical-surgical unit. Which patient should be taught about the possibility of an overwhelming infection?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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