The nurse is caring for a 5-year-old girl posttonsillectomy. The girl looks out the window and tells the nurse that it is raining and says. The sky is crying because it is sad that my throat hurts." The nurse understands that the girl is demonstrating which mental process?
Magical thinking
Transduction
Centration
Animism
The Correct Answer is A
A. This is a cognitive process in which children believe that their thoughts or wishes can cause events to happen. It is common in preschoolers who have not yet developed logical reasoning skills.
B. Transduction involves making connections between events that occur sequentially but may not have a causal relationship. The girl's statement doesn't demonstrate this.
C. Centration refers to focusing on only one aspect of a situation while ignoring others. The girl's statement involves attributing emotions to the sky rather than focusing solely on her own pain.
D. Animism is the attribution of life and feelings to inanimate objects.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Teens who date frequently may experience fluctuations in self-esteem and autonomy, but it is not a universal trend and depends on various factors.
B. While mixed-sex group activities are common, many late adolescents do engage in dating relationships as couples.
C. Homosexual behavior during adolescence does not necessarily predict sexual orientation in adulthood, as sexual orientation can evolve over time.
D. Research indicates that by late adolescence, most teens have experienced at least one romantic relationship, whether short-term or long-term, reflecting a common developmental milestone.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. This technique might be appropriate for younger children, but not for teenagers who want more autonomy and respect. Letting him choose juice or soda might make him feel like he is being treated like a child, and not as a partner in his own care.
B. Seeking the teenager's input on decisions promotes autonomy and empowerment, which can be effective in adolescent healthcare.
C. Avoiding undue criticism of noncompliance is important for maintaining a supportive and trustful nurse-patient relationship, especially with adolescents.
D. The nurse should also discuss the benefits of chemotherapy with him, such as how it can kill cancer cells, shrink tumors, and improve his chances of survival. The nurse should explain the rationale and goals of chemotherapy in a clear and honest way, and answer any questions or concerns the teenager might have. By doing so, the nurse can help him understand the importance of adhering to the treatment plan, and motivate him to cope with the challenges.
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