The nurse is assessing the respiratory system of a newborn. Which anatomic differences place the infant at risk for respiratory compromise? (Select All that Apply.)
The nasal passages are narrower.
The tongue is smaller.
There are significantly fewer alveoli.
The larynx is more funnel shaped.
The trachea and chest wall are less compliant.
Correct Answer : A,C,D,E
A. Narrower nasal passages can lead to increased airway resistance and difficulty in breathing, as infants are primarily nasal breathers.
B. A smaller tongue does not directly contribute to respiratory compromise; however, it can pose a risk for airway obstruction if the tongue falls back against the oropharynx.
C. Significantly fewer alveoli mean less surface area for gas exchange, which can impair oxygenation and carbon dioxide elimination.
D. A more funnel-shaped larynx can predispose infants to upper airway obstruction and increase the work of breathing.
E. Less compliant trachea and chest wall make it harder for the infant to expand the lungs, leading to increased work of breathing and potential respiratory distress.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Describing the tongue extrusion reflex: The tongue extrusion reflex is typically present in
infants up to around 4 to 6 months of age and diminishes as they begin to eat solid foods. At 7 months, this reflex is likely no longer prominent.
B. Explaining how to prepare table meats: While introducing solid foods is important around 6 months of age, meats are often introduced later in infancy due to their texture and potential
allergenicity. At 7 months, infants may still be primarily consuming pureed or mashed foods.
C. Advising about increased caloric needs: At 7 months, infants are transitioning to a more varied diet that includes solid foods alongside breast milk or formula. Guidance on meeting their
increasing nutritional needs is crucial at this stage.
D. Discussing the type of sippy cup to usE. Sippy cups are typically introduced closer to the end of the first year or during the transition to weaning from the bottle. While it's important to
discuss appropriate feeding utensils, addressing increased caloric needs is a more immediate concern for a 7-month-old infant.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. The newborn does not respond to a loud noise.
A newborn should exhibit a startle response to a loud noise, indicating intact auditory sensory skills. Failure to respond to a loud noise may suggest a deficit in auditory perception.
B. The newborn's eyes focus on near objects.
Focusing on near objects is a normal visual response in newborns as they adjust to their visual environment. This behavior does not necessarily indicate a sensory deficit.
C. The newborn becomes more alert with stroking when drowsy.
Being more alert with stimulation when drowsy is a normal response and does not necessarily indicate a sensory deficit.
D. The newborn's eyes wander and occasionally are crossed.
In newborns, wandering eyes and occasional crossing are common as their visual system continues to develop. This behavior is not necessarily indicative of a sensory deficit at this stage.
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