The nurse is assessing the respiratory system of a newborn. Which anatomic differences place the infant at risk for respiratory compromise? (Select All that Apply.)
The nasal passages are narrower.
The tongue is smaller.
There are significantly fewer alveoli.
The larynx is more funnel shaped.
The trachea and chest wall are less compliant.
Correct Answer : A,C,D,E
A. Narrower nasal passages can lead to increased airway resistance and difficulty in breathing, as infants are primarily nasal breathers.
B. A smaller tongue does not directly contribute to respiratory compromise; however, it can pose a risk for airway obstruction if the tongue falls back against the oropharynx.
C. Significantly fewer alveoli mean less surface area for gas exchange, which can impair oxygenation and carbon dioxide elimination.
D. A more funnel-shaped larynx can predispose infants to upper airway obstruction and increase the work of breathing.
E. Less compliant trachea and chest wall make it harder for the infant to expand the lungs, leading to increased work of breathing and potential respiratory distress.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. An infant's rate is 90 bpm.
An infant's normal heart rate typically ranges from 70 to 150
B. A toddler's rate is 150 bpm.
The normal heart rate for a toddler usually ranges from 70 to 130. Therefore a rate of 150 bpm would be considered tachycardia in a toddler.
C. A preschooler's rate is 130 bpm.
The normal heart rate for a preschooler typically ranges from 80 to 120 bpm, with an average rate around 100-110 bpm. A rate of 130 bpm would be considered tachycardia in a preschooler.
D. A school-age child's rate is 50 bpm.
The normal heart rate for a school-age child usually ranges from 75 to 118 bpm. A rate of 50 bpm would be considered bradycardia in a school-age child.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Poisoning: While poisoning can be a significant concern among adolescents, it is not the
leading cause of death in this age group. Poisoning deaths may occur due to accidental ingestion of toxic substances or intentional overdose, but it is not as common as other causes of death
among adolescents.
B. Drowning: Drowning is a concern, especially during recreational activities such as swimming, but it is not the leading cause of death among adolescents. Proper water safety practices and supervision can help prevent drowning incidents.
C. Unintentional injuries: Unintentional injuries, including motor vehicle accidents, falls, and other accidents, are the leading cause of death among adolescents. Risk-taking behaviors, lack of experience, and peer influence contribute to the high rate of unintentional injuries in this age group.
D. Diseases: While diseases such as cancer, heart disease, and respiratory disorders can affect adolescents, they are not the leading cause of death in this age group. Unintentional injuries,
including those resulting from accidents and trauma, are more common causes of death among adolescents.
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