The nurse is assessing the respiratory system of a newborn. Which anatomic differences place the infant at risk for respiratory compromise? (Select All that Apply.)
The nasal passages are narrower.
The tongue is smaller.
There are significantly fewer alveoli.
The larynx is more funnel shaped.
The trachea and chest wall are less compliant.
Correct Answer : A,C,D,E
A. Narrower nasal passages can lead to increased airway resistance and difficulty in breathing, as infants are primarily nasal breathers.
B. A smaller tongue does not directly contribute to respiratory compromise; however, it can pose a risk for airway obstruction if the tongue falls back against the oropharynx.
C. Significantly fewer alveoli mean less surface area for gas exchange, which can impair oxygenation and carbon dioxide elimination.
D. A more funnel-shaped larynx can predispose infants to upper airway obstruction and increase the work of breathing.
E. Less compliant trachea and chest wall make it harder for the infant to expand the lungs, leading to increased work of breathing and potential respiratory distress.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Menarche
Menarche refers to the onset of menstruation, typically occurring around 12 to 13 years of age, although it can vary widely.
B. Thelarche
Thelarche is the development of breast buds, which usually occurs around 8 to 13 years of age in girls, marking the beginning of breast development and the first sign of puberty.
C. Tanner stage 5
Tanner stage 5 refers to the final stage of sexual maturity in the Tanner Scale, characterized by adult breast development and pubic hair distribution. It is not typically used to describe the initial appearance of breast buds.
D. Puberty
Puberty is the period of development during which sexual maturity is attained, including physical changes such as growth spurts, development of secondary sexual characteristics, and
reproductive capacity. Thelarche is an early sign of puberty, but it does not encompass the entire puberty process.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. 87 lb is a reasonable weight for a 10-year-old boy who was 80 lb the previous year, considering the average weight gain is about 10 pounds a year at this age.
B. 81 lb would be a below-average weight gain for a year for a child of this age. C. 89 lb would be an above-average weight gain for a year for a child of this age.
D. 85 lb is within the range but slightly below the average expected weight gain for a year for a child of this age.
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