The nurse is assessing a 4-year-old patient with eczema.
The child’s skin is dry and scaly, and the parent reports that the child frequently scratches the lesions on the skin to the point of causing bleeding.
What guideline is indicated for care of this child?

Allow the child to wear only 100% cotton clothing.

Apply baby lotion to the skin twice daily.

Bathe the child daily with bath oil.

Keep the nails trimmed short.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

The correct answer is Choice D.

Choice D rationale: Keeping the nails trimmed short is crucial for a child with eczema because it minimizes the damage done when the child scratches their skin. Short nails reduce the risk of breaking the skin and causing infections or further irritation, which can exacerbate eczema symptoms. This preventive measure helps maintain the skin's integrity and reduces the risk of secondary infections.

Choice A rationale: Allowing the child to wear only 100% cotton clothing can help reduce skin irritation as cotton is a soft, breathable fabric. However, it is not as directly related to preventing the harm caused by scratching.

Choice B rationale: Applying baby lotion to the skin can help keep the skin moisturized, but it might not be sufficient for eczema management. A more intensive emollient or specific eczema treatment may be needed.

Choice C rationale: Bathing the child daily with bath oil can help moisturize the skin, but over-bathing can sometimes exacerbate eczema. It's important to use gentle, non-irritating bath products and to follow other guidelines, such as trimming nails.

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Correct Answer is ["A","B","C"]

Explanation

Choice A rationale

The patient was able to sleep through the night. This is a positive sign as it indicates that the patient is comfortable and not in distress. Sleep is essential for healing and recovery.

Choice B rationale

The patient’s left arm is warm to touch. This could indicate that there is adequate blood flow to the area, which is necessary for healing. However, warmth could also be a sign of inflammation or infection, so it’s important to monitor this closely.

Choice C rationale

The patient’s left shoulder and collarbone are symmetric. This is a good sign as it indicates that there is no obvious dislocation or fracture, which could cause pain and limit mobility.

Choice D rationale

The patient has no desire to eat breakfast. This is not necessarily a sign of progress. Loss of appetite can be a symptom of many conditions, including stress, infection, or certain medications. It’s important to encourage the patient to eat to maintain strength and support healing.

A. Decreased range of motion B. Pain with movement C. Reduced strength in left upper extremity D. Reduced pulse distal to injury E. Coolness of the skin

Correct Answer is {"A":{"answers":"A"},"B":{"answers":"A,B"},"C":{"answers":"A"},"D":{"answers":"B"},"E":{"answers":"B"}}

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Decreased range of motion is generally associated with a rotator cuff injury. This is because the rotator cuff is a group of muscles and tendons that surround the shoulder joint, keeping the head of the upper arm bone firmly within the shallow socket of the shoulder. When these muscles or tendons are injured, it can limit the shoulder’s range of motion.

Choice B rationale

Pain with movement can be a symptom of both a rotator cuff injury and a humeral fracture. Both conditions involve structures that are integral to the movement of the arm, and damage to these structures can cause pain when they are moved or put under strain.

Choice C rationale

Reduced strength in the left upper extremity is more commonly associated with a rotator cuff injury. The rotator cuff is responsible for the stability of the shoulder joint and enables the arm to lift and rotate. An injury to the rotator cuff can therefore lead to a reduction in the strength of the arm.

Choice D rationale

Reduced pulse distal to the injury is more commonly associated with a humeral fracture. This is because a fracture to the humerus could potentially damage the blood vessels running along the bone, leading to a reduced pulse further down the arm.

Choice E rationale

Coolness of the skin is more commonly associated with a humeral fracture. This could be due to damage to the blood vessels, leading to reduced blood flow and therefore a lower skin temperature.

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The nurse is assessing a 4-year-old patient with eczema. The child’s skin is dry and scaly, and the parent reports that the child frequently scratches the lesions on the skin to the point of causing bleeding. What guideline is indicated for care of this child?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C"]

Explanation

The same 68-year-old male patient from the previous as been assessed. For each of the following findings, indicate whether they are generally associated with a rotator cuff injury or a humeral fracture.

Correct Answer is {"A":{"answers":"A"},"B":{"answers":"A,B"},"C":{"answers":"A"},"D":{"answers":"B"},"E":{"answers":"B"}}

Explanation

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The nurse is assessing a 4-year-old patient with eczema.
The child’s skin is dry and scaly, and the parent reports that the child frequently scratches the lesions on the skin to the point of causing bleeding.
What guideline is indicated for care of this child?