The nurse identifies which of the following as the most common cause of a myocardial infarction?

Atherosclerosis

Obesity

Hypertension

Diabetes Mellitus type 2

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Atherosclerosis is correct. It is the primary cause of myocardial infarction (MI) due to the narrowing and eventual blockage of coronary arteries by plaque buildup, leading to reduced oxygen supply to the heart muscle.
B. Obesity is a risk factor for MI but is not the direct cause. It contributes to conditions like hypertension, diabetes, and atherosclerosis, which increase MI risk.
C. Hypertension increases the risk of MI by damaging blood vessels over time, but it is not the most common direct cause.
D. Diabetes Mellitus type 2 is a risk factor because it contributes to vascular damage and atherosclerosis, but it is not the primary cause of an MI.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Having the client lay flat for 4 hours is appropriate. After coronary angiography, bed rest is required to prevent bleeding from the arterial puncture site, especially if a femoral approach was used.
B. Monitoring the site for bleeding and hematoma formation is correct. Bleeding is a potential complication, and frequent assessment of the catheter insertion site is necessary.
C. Administering metformin should be questioned. Metformin is contraindicated within 48 hours of receiving contrast dye because of the risk of lactic acidosis, especially in clients with impaired renal function.
D. Administering aspirin is appropriate. Aspirin is commonly prescribed to prevent clot formation after a coronary procedure.

A. "Crossing my legs will decrease my risk for a pulmonary embolism." B. “I will ask my doctor for a prescription for Chantix to help me stop smoking." C. “I will drink at least 8 glasses of water each day." D. "I will ask my sister to go for walks with me to aid in weight loss."

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Crossing the legs can actually increase the risk of venous stasis and clot formation, which can lead to a pulmonary embolism. The client needs further teaching to avoid this habit.
B. Smoking increases the risk of blood clot formation, so quitting smoking is an appropriate preventive measure.
C. Staying hydrated helps maintain good blood flow and reduces the risk of clot formation.
D. Regular exercise and weight management help prevent venous stasis and clot formation, lowering the risk of pulmonary embolism.

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The nurse identifies which of the following as the most common cause of a myocardial infarction?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

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