Which of the following is considered a risk factor for COPD?

Hypertension

Male

Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency

History of Pulmonary Embolism

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Hypertension is not a direct risk factor for COPD. However, COPD and hypertension can coexist, especially in smokers.
B. Being male was once associated with a higher COPD prevalence, but COPD affects both sexes, especially as smoking habits have become more equal.
C. Alpha-1 Antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency is correct. AAT deficiency is a genetic disorder that leads to early-onset emphysema, even in non-smokers. It impairs the lungs' ability to protect themselves from enzymatic damage.
D. History of pulmonary embolism is not a primary risk factor for COPD, though lung damage from recurrent emboli can contribute to respiratory issues.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Crossing the legs can actually increase the risk of venous stasis and clot formation, which can lead to a pulmonary embolism. The client needs further teaching to avoid this habit.
B. Smoking increases the risk of blood clot formation, so quitting smoking is an appropriate preventive measure.
C. Staying hydrated helps maintain good blood flow and reduces the risk of clot formation.
D. Regular exercise and weight management help prevent venous stasis and clot formation, lowering the risk of pulmonary embolism.

A. Nitroglycerin B. Morphine C. Aspirin D. Oxygen

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Nitroglycerin is used in the acute phase of an MI to relieve chest pain by dilating coronary arteries. However, after the initial phase, it is not the primary medication for managing pain and anxiety.
B. Morphine is administered after the initial acute phase to manage pain and anxiety. It reduces myocardial oxygen demand, decreases pain perception, and provides sedation, which can help lower stress levels.
C. Aspirin is given in the acute phase to prevent further clot formation but does not address pain and anxiety.
D. Oxygen is administered in the acute phase if the client is hypoxic, but routine oxygen therapy is no longer recommended unless needed.

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Which of the following is considered a risk factor for COPD?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is providing education to a client on ways to prevent the development of a pulmonary embolism. Which of the following statements would require further teaching?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse in an emergency department is planning care for a client who is having an acute myocardial infarction (MI). The nurse should plan to administer which of the following medications after the initial acute phase to manage the client's pain and anxiety?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who has a pulmonary embolism and has a new order for enoxaparin 1.5 mg/kg/dose to be administered subcutaneously every 12 hours. The client weighs 176 pounds. How many mg should the nurse administer per dose? (Round to the nearest whole number)

The nurse identifies which of the following as the most common cause of a myocardial infarction?

A client has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and right-sided heart failure. Which statement by the nurse is correct?

A nurse is giving a presentation at a community center about chronic bronchitis. Which of the following information should the nurse include as effective for preventing this disorder?

A nurse is caring for a client with a diagnosis of left-sided heart failure. The nurse expects what assessment findings associated with left-sided heart failure? (Select All that Apply.)

A nurse is caring for a client who has valvular heart disease and is at risk for developing left-sided heart failure. Which of the following manifestations should alert the nurse the client is developing this condition?

The nurse knows that which of the following positions is the best position for a client diagnosed with COPD?

What is the underlying rationale for why a nurse assesses a client with emphysema for clinical indicators of hypoxia?