Why are small, frequent meals recommended for patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)?
To increase caloric intake by snacking throughout the day
To allow for more social interaction during meals
To ensure all food groups are consumed daily
To reduce the risk of dyspnea during meals
The Correct Answer is D
A. While increasing caloric intake is important, the primary reason for small, frequent meals is to prevent dyspnea.
B. Social interaction is beneficial, but it is not the main reason for recommending small, frequent meals.
C. Ensuring a balanced diet is important, but not the specific reason for this recommendation.
D. Eating large meals can cause abdominal distention and pressure on the diaphragm, leading to dyspnea. Small, frequent meals help prevent this.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Use of accessory muscles during inspiration is common in COPD as clients work harder to breathe. While this indicates respiratory distress, it is not necessarily an immediate emergency.
B. Large amounts of thick white sputum can indicate mucus production, which is common in COPD. If the sputum were yellow or green, it could suggest infection, requiring further assessment.
C. A barrel chest and clubbing are chronic changes in COPD due to prolonged air trapping and hypoxia. These findings do not require immediate intervention.
D. Oxygen flowmeter set on 8 LPM is correct. High-flow oxygen can suppress the hypoxic drive in COPD clients, leading to respiratory depression. The nurse should immediately lower the oxygen to a safer level (typically 1-3 LPM) and monitor the client’s respiratory status.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Stress testing evaluates cardiac function and ischemia but is not used to diagnose a pulmonary embolism (PE).
B. D-Dimer is correct. D-Dimer is a blood test that detects fibrin degradation products, which are elevated when a blood clot forms and breaks down, making it a useful screening test for pulmonary embolism. However, a positive D-Dimer is not diagnostic, and further imaging (e.g., CT pulmonary angiography) is required.
C. Electrocardiogram (ECG) may show changes (e.g., sinus tachycardia, right heart strain) but does not confirm PE.
D. Pulmonary function testing assesses lung diseases like COPD or asthma but is not used to diagnose PE.
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