The neonatal nurse assesses newborns for iron deficiency anemia. Which newborn is at highest risk for this disorder?

A premature newborn

A postterm newborn

A newborn born to a diabetic mother

A term newborn with jaundice

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. A premature newborn: Premature infants are at higher risk for iron deficiency anemia because they have lower iron stores at birth compared to full-term infants. Additionally, premature infants may not have had sufficient time in utero to accumulate adequate iron stores from maternal

transfusions.

B. A postterm newborn: Postterm infants, born after 42 weeks of gestation, are not typically at increased risk for iron deficiency anemia solely based on gestational age.

C. A newborn born to a diabetic mother: While infants born to diabetic mothers may have other health risks, they are not inherently at higher risk for iron deficiency anemia unless there are other complicating factors such as prematurity or inadequate iron intake.

D. A term newborn with jaundicE. Jaundice in a term newborn is typically caused by elevated

levels of bilirubin and is not directly associated with an increased risk of iron deficiency anemia.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Increased intracranial pressurE. Pulsation and bulging of the fontanel may be signs of

increased intracranial pressure in infants. However, it is important to differentiate between normal fontanel characteristics and abnormal signs of elevated intracranial pressure. In this case, the pulsation and bulging are likely normal responses to crying and changes in intracranial pressure during the newborn period.

B. Dehydration: Dehydration typically presents with sunken fontanels rather than pulsation and bulging. Dehydration is a serious condition that requires prompt assessment and intervention, but it is not indicated by the findings described in the scenario.

C. Overhydration: Overhydration is not typically associated with pulsation and bulging of the fontanel. Overhydration may lead to fluid overload and edema but does not directly affect fontanel characteristics.

D. These are normal findings: Pulsation and brief bulging of the fontanel in response to crying are considered normal findings in newborns. Fontanels allow for the flexibility of the skull bones during childbirth and provide space for brain growth during infancy. Pulsation and bulging may occur temporarily during crying or changes in intracranial pressure and are not necessarily

indicative of pathology.

A. Height in girls increases rapidly after menarche and usually ceases immediately after menarche. B. Boys' growth spurts usually begin between the ages of 8 and 14 years and end between the ages of 13½ and 17½ years. C. Peak height velocity (PHV) occurs at approximately 12 years of age in girls or about 6 to 12 months after menarche. D. Boys reach PHV and peak weight velocity (PWV) at about 16 years of age.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Height in girls increases rapidly after menarche and usually ceases immediately after

menarchE. Height increases during adolescence are not directly related to menarche. Growth in girls typically continues for several years after menarche, although at a slower rate compared to the pre-pubertal growth spurt.

B. Boys' growth spurts usually begin between the ages of 8 and 14 years and end between the ages of 13½ and 17½ years: While boys do experience a growth spurt during adolescence, the timing and duration of growth spurts can vary widely among individuals. Growth typically

continues beyond the age of 14, with some boys reaching their full adult height in their late teens or early twenties.

C. Peak height velocity (PHV) occurs at approximately 12 years of age in girls or about 6 to 12 months after menarchE. Peak height velocity refers to the period of most rapid growth during adolescence. In girls, PHV typically occurs around the age of 12, with growth continuing for some time after menarche.

D. Boys reach PHV and peak weight velocity (PWV) at about 16 years of agE. Boys generally experience PHV and PWV later than girls, typically occurring around the age of 14 to 16. These milestones mark the period of most rapid growth in boys, with height and weight increasing significantly during this time.

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The neonatal nurse assesses newborns for iron deficiency anemia. Which newborn is at highest risk for this disorder?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is assessing the fontanels of a crying newborn and notes that the posterior fontanel pulsates and briefly bulges. What do these findings indicate?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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