A nurse is providing health promotion teaching to the parents of an infant. Which of the following conditions should the nurse identify as the leading cause of death among this age group?
Congenital anomalies
Respiratory distress
Sudden infant death syndrome
Low birth weight
The Correct Answer is A
Rationale:
A) Congenital anomalies: Congenital anomalies, also known as birth defects, are structural or functional abnormalities present at birth. They can affect any part of the body and may cause physical or developmental disabilities, as well as contribute to infant mortality. These anomalies can result from genetic factors, environmental exposures during pregnancy, or a combination of both. Preventive measures such as prenatal care, genetic counseling, and maternal health promotion play crucial roles in reducing the incidence and impact of congenital anomalies.
B) Respiratory distress: While respiratory distress can be a significant concern in newborns, especially those born prematurely or with certain medical conditions, it is not the leading cause of death among infants. Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) occurs primarily in premature infants due to immature lung development and surfactant deficiency, requiring supportive care and sometimes mechanical ventilation to manage.
C) Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS): SIDS is the sudden and unexplained death of an otherwise healthy infant, typically occurring during sleep. While SIDS is a devastating tragedy and a major public health concern, it is not the leading cause of death among infants. Strategies to reduce the risk of SIDS include placing infants on their backs to sleep, avoiding soft bedding and overheating, and promoting a safe sleep environment.
D) Low birth weight: Low birth weight, defined as a birth weight of less than 2,500 grams (5.5 pounds), is associated with an increased risk of neonatal complications and long-term health issues. While low birth weight infants may face various health challenges, including respiratory problems and developmental delays, low birth weight itself is not the leading cause of death among infants. Efforts to reduce low birth weight include prenatal care, nutrition support, and management of maternal risk factors such as smoking and substance abuse.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Suppression: Suppression involves consciously pushing down or ignoring thoughts, feelings, or memories that are perceived as unacceptable or distressing. In this scenario, the client is not consciously trying to push down or ignore their behavior; instead, they are explaining their actions using a defense mechanism.
B. Reaction-formation: Reaction-formation occurs when an individual expresses feelings or behaviors that are the opposite of their true feelings or desires. In this case, the client's statement does not involve expressing the opposite of their true feelings. Instead, they are rationalizing their behavior.
C. Compensation: Compensation involves attempting to overcome feelings of inadequacy or failure in one area by excelling in another area. The client's statement does not suggest that they are compensating for anything; rather, they are explaining their behavior through a defense mechanism.
D. Rationalization: Rationalization involves providing logical or socially acceptable reasons for behavior that are not the true reasons. In this scenario, the client is rationalizing their behavior by attributing it to external factors, such as their boss's influence, rather than acknowledging their own responsibility for their actions. This defense mechanism allows the client to avoid facing the underlying issue of alcohol abuse by providing a seemingly reasonable explanation for their behavior.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Barking cough: A barking cough is a characteristic symptom of acute laryngotracheobronchitis (croup), indicating inflammation of the upper airway. While it may improve with treatment, it is not necessarily an indication that the treatment has been effective on its own.
B. Decreased stridor: Stridor is a high-pitched, wheezing sound heard during inspiration and indicates upper airway obstruction. In acute laryngotracheobronchitis, stridor is a prominent symptom. Decreased stridor suggests that the airway obstruction is resolving, which indicates that the treatment has been effective.
C. Decreased temperature: While fever may be present in some cases of acute laryngotracheobronchitis, it is not a defining characteristic. A decreased temperature alone does not necessarily indicate that the treatment has been effective in managing the condition.
D. Improved hydration: Hydration is important in managing any illness, including acute laryngotracheobronchitis, but improved hydration alone does not indicate that the treatment has been effective in resolving the condition. It may be an important aspect of supportive care but does not directly reflect the resolution of airway obstruction.
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