A nurse is providing health promotion teaching to the parents of an infant. Which of the following conditions should the nurse identify as the leading cause of death among this age group?
Congenital anomalies
Respiratory distress
Sudden infant death syndrome
Low birth weight
The Correct Answer is A
Rationale:
A) Congenital anomalies: Congenital anomalies, also known as birth defects, are structural or functional abnormalities present at birth. They can affect any part of the body and may cause physical or developmental disabilities, as well as contribute to infant mortality. These anomalies can result from genetic factors, environmental exposures during pregnancy, or a combination of both. Preventive measures such as prenatal care, genetic counseling, and maternal health promotion play crucial roles in reducing the incidence and impact of congenital anomalies.
B) Respiratory distress: While respiratory distress can be a significant concern in newborns, especially those born prematurely or with certain medical conditions, it is not the leading cause of death among infants. Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) occurs primarily in premature infants due to immature lung development and surfactant deficiency, requiring supportive care and sometimes mechanical ventilation to manage.
C) Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS): SIDS is the sudden and unexplained death of an otherwise healthy infant, typically occurring during sleep. While SIDS is a devastating tragedy and a major public health concern, it is not the leading cause of death among infants. Strategies to reduce the risk of SIDS include placing infants on their backs to sleep, avoiding soft bedding and overheating, and promoting a safe sleep environment.
D) Low birth weight: Low birth weight, defined as a birth weight of less than 2,500 grams (5.5 pounds), is associated with an increased risk of neonatal complications and long-term health issues. While low birth weight infants may face various health challenges, including respiratory problems and developmental delays, low birth weight itself is not the leading cause of death among infants. Efforts to reduce low birth weight include prenatal care, nutrition support, and management of maternal risk factors such as smoking and substance abuse.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["B","C","D","E"]
Explanation
B. Ability to perform calculations: Assessing the client's ability to perform calculations helps in evaluating cognitive functioning. Impairments in calculation abilities can indicate cognitive decline associated with dementia. Tasks such as simple arithmetic or counting backward can be included in the assessment.
C. Long-term memory: Evaluating long-term memory is essential as it helps assess the client's ability to recall events, experiences, and information from the distant past. Long-term memory deficits are often seen in various types of dementia, and assessing this aspect provides valuable information about the extent of cognitive impairment.
D. Level of orientation: Assessing the client's level of orientation to time (e.g., awareness of date, day, season), place (e.g., awareness of current location), and person (e.g., awareness of self and others) is crucial in evaluating cognitive function. Orientation deficits are common in dementia and can provide insights into the progression and severity of the condition.
E. Recall ability: Evaluating the client's ability to recall recent events, information, or instructions assesses short-term memory function, which is often impaired in dementia. Tasks such as asking the client to repeat a series of words or recall recent activities help in assessing recall ability and memory impairment associated with dementia.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. "I will feed my baby on a schedule every 4 hours": Feeding an infant with heart failure on a strict schedule may not be appropriate because it may not allow the infant to consume adequate calories and nutrients when needed. Infants with heart failure may tire easily during feeding, so they may require more frequent, smaller feedings to ensure adequate intake.
B. "I will add Polycose to each of my baby's bottles": Polycose is a carbohydrate supplement sometimes used to increase the calorie content of infant formula or breast milk. However, adding it to every bottle without guidance from a healthcare provider may not be necessary or appropriate. The decision to use Polycose should be based on the infant's specific nutritional needs and should be directed by the healthcare team.
C. "I will allow my baby to take as much time as needed to finish the bottle": This statement indicates an understanding that infants with heart failure may have difficulty feeding due to fatigue or respiratory distress. Allowing the baby to take as much time as needed to finish the bottle ensures that they can consume an adequate amount of milk without becoming exhausted.
D. "I will limit my baby's crying to 15 minutes prior to each feeding": Limiting the baby's crying before feeding is not directly related to meeting the infant's nutritional needs. While minimizing stress and agitation before feeding can be beneficial, setting a specific time limit on crying may not always be practical or effective.
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