A nurse is caring for a client who has autism spectrum disorder. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Expressive affect

Ambivalence

Echolalia

Associative looseness

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Expressive affect: Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often have difficulty expressing their emotions in a typical manner. They may display a restricted range of facial expressions or have difficulty conveying emotions through facial expressions and gestures. However, "expressive affect" typically refers to the appropriate display of emotions, which may not be characteristic of ASD.

B. Ambivalence: Ambivalence refers to conflicting feelings or attitudes about a situation or person. While individuals with ASD may experience a range of emotions, including ambivalence, it is not a specific characteristic associated with the disorder. Ambivalence is a common human experience and may occur in individuals with or without ASD.

C. Echolalia: Echolalia is a common communication characteristic observed in individuals with ASD. It involves the repetition or echoing of words or phrases spoken by others. This behavior may occur immediately after hearing the words or phrases (immediate echolalia) or may be delayed. Echolalia can serve various functions, including communication, self-regulation, or expression of anxiety.

D. Associative looseness: Associative looseness is a thought disorder characterized by a lack of logical connection between thoughts and ideas. It is typically associated with conditions such as schizophrenia rather than ASD. Individuals with ASD may exhibit difficulties with social communication, including challenges in maintaining conversations or understanding social cues, but this is different from the disorganized thinking observed in associative looseness.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Undoing: Undoing is a defense mechanism characterized by attempting to reverse or negate a previous action or experience through symbolic acts or behaviors. This involves expressing remorse or attempting to make up for perceived wrongdoings. The student's behavior of berating the teacher and the course does not align with undoing.

B. Projection: Projection is a defense mechanism where one attributes their unacceptable thoughts, feelings, or impulses onto others. In this scenario, the student is projecting their feelings of failure onto the teacher and the course, blaming them for the failed examination instead of taking personal responsibility.

C. Regression: Regression involves reverting to earlier, more childlike behaviors or stages of development in response to stress or conflict. While the student's behavior may involve emotional distress related to the failed examination, the act of berating the teacher and the course is not indicative of regression.

D. Conversion: Conversion involves the expression of psychological stress or emotional conflict through physical symptoms or complaints without a physiological basis. The student's behavior of berating others does not fit the pattern of conversion.

A. Monitor the client closely to prevent self-mutilation B. Give positive feedback when client is assertive with staff or clients. C. Set limits to prevent exploitation of other clients. D. Discourage flamboyant or seductive behaviors.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Monitor the client closely to prevent self-mutilation: This action is not typically associated with dependent personality disorder. Dependent personality disorder is characterized by an excessive need to be taken care of, leading to submissive and clinging behaviors, rather than self-mutilation.

B. Give positive feedback when the client is assertive with staff or clients: While it is important to encourage and reinforce assertive behaviors, giving positive feedback alone may not be sufficient to address the underlying issues associated with dependent personality disorder. It's essential to provide comprehensive care that addresses the client's dependency needs and promotes healthy assertiveness.

C. Set limits to prevent exploitation of other clients: Clients with dependent personality disorder may exhibit behaviors that involve relying excessively on others and seeking caretaking from them. Setting limits helps prevent these clients from exploiting or overly burdening others with their needs, promoting boundaries and accountability within the therapeutic environment.

D. Discourage flamboyant or seductive behaviors: Flamboyant or seductive behaviors are not typical characteristics of dependent personality disorder. These behaviors are more commonly associated with other personality disorders, such as histrionic or borderline personality disorder. In dependent personality disorder, the focus is more on an excessive need for support and reassurance rather than attention-seeking behaviors.

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A nurse is caring for a client who has autism spectrum disorder. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Explanation

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Correct Answer is C

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