A nurse is performing an admission assessment for a client who has schizophrenia. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a negative symptom?

Bizarre behavior

Somatic delusions

Affective flattening

Illogicality

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Bizarre behavior: Bizarre behavior is typically considered a positive symptom of schizophrenia rather than a negative symptom. Positive symptoms involve the presence of abnormal behaviors or experiences that are not typically seen in healthy individuals. Bizarre behavior can include hallucinations, delusions, disorganized thinking, and grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior.

B. Somatic delusions: Somatic delusions, where the individual believes they have a medical condition or physical defect that is not present, are also considered positive symptoms of schizophrenia. Positive symptoms involve distortions or exaggerations of normal functions.

C. Affective flattening: This is the correct choice. Affective flattening, also known as blunted affect, refers to a reduction in the intensity, range, and expression of emotional responses. Individuals with schizophrenia who exhibit affective flattening may have a limited range of facial expressions, reduced vocal inflections, and a diminished ability to express emotions appropriately. Affective flattening is considered a negative symptom because it reflects a decrease or absence of normal emotional functioning.

D. Illogicality: Illogicality, or disorganized thinking, is another positive symptom of schizophrenia. It involves difficulties in organizing thoughts and expressing them coherently. Individuals with schizophrenia may exhibit illogical speech patterns, such as tangentiality (going off on tangents), loose associations (jumping from one unrelated topic to another), or thought blocking (sudden interruption of thoughts).

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Correct Answer is ["C","D","E"]

Explanation

A. Unaware of compulsions: Clients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) are usually aware of their compulsions, which are repetitive behaviors or mental acts performed in response to obsessions. Compulsions are typically recognized by the individual as excessive or unreasonable, although they feel driven to perform them.

B. Irrational fear of certain objects: While individuals with OCD may experience irrational fears or obsessions, these are not exclusive to the disorder. Phobias, generalized anxiety disorder, and other conditions can also involve irrational fears of specific objects or situations. OCD is characterized more by intrusive thoughts (obsessions) and repetitive behaviors (compulsions) rather than specific fears.

C. Perfectionist behavior: Perfectionism is a common characteristic of OCD. Individuals with OCD often feel a strong need for things to be perfect or "just right." They may spend excessive amounts of time on tasks to ensure perfection or may be overly concerned with order, symmetry, or cleanliness.

D. Difficulty relaxing: Individuals with OCD often experience significant anxiety related to their obsessions and compulsions. This can make it difficult for them to relax or feel at ease, as their symptoms may constantly occupy their thoughts and compel them to engage in repetitive behaviors.

E. Rule conscious behavior: People with OCD often exhibit rule-bound or rule-conscious behavior. They may adhere rigidly to specific routines, rituals, or rules in an attempt to alleviate anxiety or prevent perceived negative consequences associated with their obsessions. This behavior can manifest as strict adherence to self-imposed rules or rituals, even when these behaviors are not logically connected to the obsession.

A. "I use a suppository every night to have a bowel movement." B. "I only need to catheterize myself twice every day." C. "I carry a water bottle with me because I drink a lot of water." D. "I do wheelchair exercises while watching TV."

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. "I use a suppository every night to have a bowel movement": This statement indicates an appropriate understanding of managing bowel function, as regular bowel movements are essential for individuals with spinal cord injury to prevent complications such as constipation.

B. "I only need to catheterize myself twice every day": Individuals with spinal cord injury and paralysis often require intermittent catheterization at regular intervals to empty their bladders completely and prevent urinary retention. Twice-daily catheterization may not be sufficient for adequate bladder management and could lead to urinary complications such as urinary tract infections or bladder overdistention. The client may need further teaching to understand the importance of more frequent catheterization.

C. "I carry a water bottle with me because I drink a lot of water": Staying hydrated is crucial for individuals with spinal cord injury to prevent urinary tract infections and maintain overall health. Carrying a water bottle indicates an appropriate understanding of the importance of hydration.

D. "I do wheelchair exercises while watching TV": Engaging in wheelchair exercises is beneficial for maintaining strength, mobility, and overall health for individuals with spinal cord injury. This statement demonstrates an understanding of the importance of physical activity and exercise in the client's daily routine.

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A nurse is performing an admission assessment for a client who has schizophrenia. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a negative symptom?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is ["C","D","E"]

Explanation

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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