A nurse is performing an admission assessment for a client who has schizophrenia. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a negative symptom?

Bizarre behavior

Somatic delusions

Affective flattening

Illogicality

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Bizarre behavior: Bizarre behavior is typically considered a positive symptom of schizophrenia rather than a negative symptom. Positive symptoms involve the presence of abnormal behaviors or experiences that are not typically seen in healthy individuals. Bizarre behavior can include hallucinations, delusions, disorganized thinking, and grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior.

B. Somatic delusions: Somatic delusions, where the individual believes they have a medical condition or physical defect that is not present, are also considered positive symptoms of schizophrenia. Positive symptoms involve distortions or exaggerations of normal functions.

C. Affective flattening: This is the correct choice. Affective flattening, also known as blunted affect, refers to a reduction in the intensity, range, and expression of emotional responses. Individuals with schizophrenia who exhibit affective flattening may have a limited range of facial expressions, reduced vocal inflections, and a diminished ability to express emotions appropriately. Affective flattening is considered a negative symptom because it reflects a decrease or absence of normal emotional functioning.

D. Illogicality: Illogicality, or disorganized thinking, is another positive symptom of schizophrenia. It involves difficulties in organizing thoughts and expressing them coherently. Individuals with schizophrenia may exhibit illogical speech patterns, such as tangentiality (going off on tangents), loose associations (jumping from one unrelated topic to another), or thought blocking (sudden interruption of thoughts).

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. "You are being unreasonable, and I will not call your doctor at this hour."

This response may escalate the situation by invalidating the client's feelings and refusing to address their request. It fails to recognize the client's distress and could lead to increased agitation or frustration.

B. "I can't call a doctor in the middle of the night unless it's an emergency."

While it's true that non-urgent matters may be deferred until regular hours, this response comes across as dismissive and may exacerbate the client's distress. It does not validate the client's feelings or offer support.

C. "You must be very upset about something."

This response acknowledges the client's emotions and shows empathy. It opens the door for the client to express their concerns, allowing the nurse to assess the situation further and address any immediate needs. It also avoids dismissing the client's request outright and maintains a therapeutic relationship.

D. "Go back to your room, and I'll try to get in touch with your doctor."

This response instructs the client to return to their room without addressing their emotional state or concerns. It lacks empathy and fails to engage with the client's needs effectively.

A. Closed posterior fontanel B. Lateral incisors C. Uses thumb and index fingers in a pincer grasp D. Sitting steadily without support

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Closed posterior fontanel

By 6 months of age, the posterior fontanel typically closes. The posterior fontanel usually closes between 2 and 4 months of age. Therefore, a closed posterior fontanel is an expected finding at 6 months.

B. Lateral incisors

The eruption of lateral incisors typically occurs between 8 and 12 months of age. At 6 months, it is not expected for the infant to have erupted lateral incisors. Therefore, this finding would not be typical during a well-child visit at this age.

C. Uses thumb and index fingers in a pincer grasp

The development of the pincer grasp, where the infant can pick up small objects using the thumb and index finger, typically occurs around 9 to 12 months of age. While some infants may start to develop this skill around 6 months, it is more commonly seen later in the first year. Therefore, it is not a definitive finding at 6 months.

D. Sitting steadily without support

By 6 months of age, most infants can sit steadily without support. This is considered a developmental milestone that typically occurs around 6 months. Therefore, sitting steadily without support is an expected finding during a well-child visit at this age.

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A nurse is performing an admission assessment for a client who has schizophrenia. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a negative symptom?

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