A nurse is caring for a toddler who has acute laryngotracheobonchitis after a repair of an intussusception. Which of the indicates that the treatment has been effective?

C. Dialectical behavior therapy (DBT):

Rationale: This is the correct intervention. Dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) is a type of psychotherapy that is specifically designed to treat borderline personality disorder (BPD). It focuses on teaching clients skills to manage their emotions, improve relationships, and cope with distressing situations effectively. Including DBT in the discharge plan for a client with BPD can help them continue their therapeutic progress after leaving the hospital or clinical setting.

Incorrect:

A. Safety plan:

Rationale: While a safety plan may be appropriate for some clients with borderline personality disorder, it is not specific to DBT and may not address the broader range of issues that DBT aims to target. Safety plans typically focus on identifying triggers for self-harm or suicidal ideation and outlining steps for managing crises, whereas DBT encompasses a more comprehensive approach to managing emotions and behaviors.

B. Behavioral contract:

Rationale: Behavioral contracts are agreements between individuals and their treatment providers that outline specific behaviors, consequences, and rewards. While behavioral contracts may be used as part of a comprehensive treatment plan for clients with BPD, they do not specifically address the skills-based approach of DBT.

D. Bibliotherapy:

Rationale: Bibliotherapy involves the use of written materials, such as self-help books or educational resources, to support therapeutic goals. While reading materials may complement DBT and other therapeutic approaches, bibliotherapy alone is not considered a primary intervention for treating borderline personality disorder.

A. Decreased auditory and visual acuity: Decreased auditory and visual acuity are not typically associated with primary dementia. While sensory impairments may occur with aging, they are not direct manifestations of dementia.

B. Decreased display of emotions: While individuals with dementia may experience changes in emotional expression, such as mood swings or emotional lability, a decreased display of emotions is not a universal manifestation. Some individuals may exhibit heightened emotional responses or become more emotionally labile as the disease progresses.

C. Forgetfulness gradually progressing to disorientation: This is the correct choice. Forgetfulness is often one of the initial signs of dementia, and it typically progresses to more severe cognitive impairments, including disorientation to time, place, and person. As dementia advances, individuals may become increasingly confused about their surroundings and lose track of time and events.

D. Personality traits that are opposite of original traits: While some changes in personality and behavior may occur in individuals with dementia, such as agitation, irritability, or apathy, personality traits that are opposite of the original traits are not necessarily characteristic of primary dementia. Personality changes in dementia are often more related to cognitive decline and impairment rather than a complete reversal of personality traits.