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A nurse is caring for a child who has autism spectrum disorder. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply.).

Delayed language development.

Consistent limit testing.

Spinning a toy repetitively.

Short attention span.

Ritualistic behavior.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,C,E

The correct answers are: a. Delayed language development, c. Spinning a toy repetitively, and e. Ritualistic behavior.

Explanation:

Choice A Rationale: Delayed language development is a common characteristic of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Children with ASD may exhibit difficulties in acquiring and using language appropriately, including delayed onset of speech, limited vocabulary, and challenges with syntax and pragmatics. This delay can significantly impact their ability to communicate effectively and engage in social interactions. Early intervention strategies, such as speech therapy and alternative communication methods, are often implemented to support language development in children with ASD.

Choice B Rationale: Consistent limit testing, characterized by challenging authority and testing boundaries, is not a hallmark feature of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). While some children with ASD may exhibit behaviors that appear oppositional or defiant, such behaviors are more commonly associated with other conditions such as oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) or conduct disorder (CD). ASD is primarily characterized by deficits in social communication and interaction, along with restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities.

Choice C Rationale: Spinning a toy repetitively is a stereotypical behavior often observed in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Repetitive behaviors, including spinning objects, rocking back and forth, or hand-flapping, are considered one of the core diagnostic criteria for ASD. These behaviors serve various functions for individuals with ASD, including sensory stimulation, self-soothing, or reducing anxiety. While repetitive behaviors can vary widely among individuals with ASD, they are a recognizable feature of the disorder.

Choice D Rationale: A short attention span is not a specific characteristic of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). While some children with ASD may exhibit difficulties with attention and focus, particularly in tasks that do not align with their specific interests or preferences, attention deficits are not universal among individuals with ASD. Additionally, attention difficulties are not considered a primary diagnostic criterion for ASD. Other neurodevelopmental disorders, such as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), are more commonly associated with impairments in attention and concentration.

Choice E Rationale: Ritualistic behavior, such as engaging in specific routines or repetitive actions, is a hallmark feature of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Children with ASD often demonstrate a preference for predictability and sameness in their environment, leading to the development of rigid routines or rituals. These behaviors can serve as a source of comfort or security for individuals with ASD, providing structure and predictability in an otherwise unpredictable world. Ritualistic behaviors can manifest in various forms, such as insisting on following the same daily schedule, arranging objects in a specific order, or becoming distressed when routines are disrupted.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

This choice describes tertiary prevention, which focuses on minimizing the consequences of an existing disorder or preventing further deterioration. It is not directly related to primary prevention, which addresses the prevention of the onset of disorders.

Choice B rationale:

This choice corresponds to secondary prevention, which involves early intervention to minimize the impact of an illness that has already begun. It aims to reduce the prevalence and duration of the illness but is not the primary focus of primary prevention.

Choice C rationale:

The correct choice. Primary prevention focuses on reducing the incidence of mental disorders within the population. It involves strategies that target the entire population or specific high-risk groups to prevent the initial development of mental health issues. These strategies may include public health campaigns, education, and interventions to promote mental well-being and resilience.

Choice D rationale:

This choice describes the process of early identification and initiation of treatment, which is a component of secondary prevention. It aims to prevent the progression of existing problems rather than preventing the initial development of mental disorders.

A. Ideas of reference. B. Erotomania. C. Grandeur. D. Flight of ideas.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

Ideas of reference involve the belief that external events, objects, or people have a specific and unusual significance directly related to oneself. In this scenario, the client with schizophrenia believes that the group's laughter is directed at them, indicating an exaggerated sense of personal relevance in the situation.

Choice B rationale:

Erotomania is characterized by the delusional belief that someone, usually of higher social status, is in love with the individual. This choice is not applicable to the situation described, where the client's reaction is centered around perceived mockery rather than romantic interest.

Choice C rationale:

Grandeur involves inflated feelings of importance, power, knowledge, or identity. It does not align with the situation where the client perceives ridicule and responds defensively to the group's laughter.

Choice D rationale:

Flight of ideas is a thought disorder characterized by rapid and unconnected shifts in thoughts, often associated with mania. It is not relevant to the client's reaction to the group's laughter.

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A nurse is caring for a child who has autism spectrum disorder. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply.).

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Explanation

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Explanation

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