A nurse is caring for a client who has major depressive disorder and attempted suicide. The client tells the nurse, "I should have died because I am totally worthless." Which of the following responses should the nurse make?

"You've been feeling that your life has no meaning."

"You have a great deal to live for."

"It's not unusual for depressed people to feel that way."

"Why do you feel you are worthless?"

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. "You've been feeling that your life has no meaning."This response reflects active listening and acknowledges the client's emotions. It reflects the client's feelings and encourages them to express more about their emotions and thoughts. It shows empathy and understanding, which can help build trust and rapport.

B. "You have a great deal to live for" may seem dismissive and does not address the client's current feelings of worthlessness.

C. "It's not unusual for depressed people to feel that way" can come across as minimizing the client's unique experience and does not provide support or encourage further discussion.

D. "Why do you feel you are worthless?" might make the client feel defensive or overwhelmed, and it does not offer the same level of empathy and support as reflecting their feelings would.

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Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D"]

Explanation

A. Lithium: Lithium is a mood stabilizer commonly used in the treatment of bipolar disorder. It helps to control mood swings and prevent the recurrence of manic and depressive episodes.

B. Carbamazepine: Carbamazepine is an anticonvulsant medication that has been found effective in managing mood swings in bipolar disorder. It can help stabilize mood and prevent manic episodes.

C. Valproate (Valproic acid or Divalproex sodium): Valproate is another anticonvulsant medication that is used as a mood stabilizer in bipolar disorder. It can help control manic and mixed episodes.

The following options are not used to treat bipolar disorder:

D. Paroxetine: SSRIs, including paroxetine, carry a risk of inducing mania or hypomania in individuals with bipolar disorder. This risk is why these medications are usually avoided or used cautiously, always in conjunction with a mood stabilizer like lithium, valproate, or atypical antipsychotics. Before initiating paroxetine, it’s crucial that the client is stabilized with a mood stabilizer to minimize the risk of mood switching (i.e., moving from depression to mania or hypomania).

E. Donepezil: Donepezil is a medication used to treat Alzheimer's disease and other forms of dementia. It is not used to treat bipolar disorder.

A. Nystagmus B. Illusions C. Polyphagia D. Tremors E. Seizures

Correct Answer is ["B","D","E"]

Explanation

A. Nystagmus: Nystagmus is not a typical manifestation of alcohol withdrawal. It is more commonly associated with intoxication or neurological conditions. Therefore, it is not included in the effects of alcohol withdrawal.

B. Illusions: Illusions (misinterpretations of external stimuli) are common during alcohol withdrawal, especially in severe cases such as withdrawal delirium (delirium tremens). Clients may misinterpret shadows or objects as threatening.

C. Polyphagia: Polyphagia (excessive eating) is not a recognized manifestation of alcohol withdrawal. Clients with withdrawal may experience nausea or a lack of appetite rather than an increased appetite.

D. Tremors: Tremors, often called "the shakes," are one of the most common early signs of alcohol withdrawal. They usually begin within hours after alcohol cessation.

E. Seizures: Seizures, specifically generalized tonic-clonic seizures, are a serious complication of alcohol withdrawal. They can occur within 6–48 hours after the last drink and are part of alcohol withdrawal syndrome.

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A nurse is caring for a client who has major depressive disorder and attempted suicide. The client tells the nurse, "I should have died because I am totally worthless." Which of the following responses should the nurse make?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is reviewing medication records for several clients who have bipolar disorder. The nurse should recognize that which of the following medications are used to treat clients who have bipolar disorder? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D"]

Explanation

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Correct Answer is ["B","D","E"]

Explanation

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