A nurse is caring for a 10-month-old infant who is in a cast for developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH).

Which of the following strategies should the nurse implement to promote the infant's growth and development?

Allow the infant to stand in the crib.

Provide a small electronic toy.

Tie colorful latex balloons to the side of the crib.

Change the infant's diaper as soon as soiling occurs.

None

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

The correct answer is Choice A.

Choice A rationale: Encouraging the infant to stand in the crib while in a cast for developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) supports gross motor development and maintains neuromuscular stimulation. Standing promotes proprioceptive input, strengthens postural muscles, and supports bone mineralization through weight-bearing. Infants in hip spica casts or orthotic devices can safely stand with supervision, preserving developmental milestones. Normal serum calcium ranges from 8.5 to 10.5 mg/dL, and mechanical loading enhances osteoblastic activity and skeletal growth.

Choice B rationale: While electronic toys offer sensory stimulation, they do not adequately support gross motor development in infants with DDH. At 10 months, infants require opportunities for vertical positioning and weight-bearing to stimulate vestibular and musculoskeletal systems. Passive play with electronic toys may delay motor milestones such as cruising and standing. Developmental progress depends on integrated sensory-motor experiences, and reliance on sedentary toys may limit engagement of core and lower limb musculature.

Choice C rationale: Latex balloons pose a significant safety hazard due to the risk of aspiration and suffocation. When burst, latex fragments can occlude the airway, especially in infants with underdeveloped protective reflexes. The tracheal diameter in infants averages 4 to 5 mm, making obstruction by balloon fragments potentially fatal. Additionally, latex exposure may trigger allergic reactions, particularly in atopic individuals. The American Academy of Pediatrics strongly advises against latex balloon use in children under 8 years.

Choice D rationale: Prompt diaper changes are essential for skin integrity, especially under a cast where moisture retention can lead to maceration and infection. However, this action does not directly promote growth and development. It is a hygiene measure that prevents irritant contact dermatitis and secondary infections such as Candida albicans. Normal skin pH ranges from 4.5 to 5.5, and prolonged exposure to urine and feces elevates pH, disrupting the acid mantle. While necessary, it lacks developmental stimulation.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

a.While involving mental health professionals can be part of a broader intervention plan, it is not the immediate priority in cases of suspected abuse. The nurse must first address the immediate safety concerns and follow the required reporting procedures.

b.Separating the child from the parents without proper authority or immediate threat can escalate the situation and may not be legally permissible. This action should be taken by authorities with the legal power to do so if deemed necessary.

c.Nurses are mandated reporters, which means they are legally required to report any suspected child abuse to the appropriate authorities immediately. This action ensures that the child’s safety is prioritized and that a proper investigation can be initiated however,obtaining a detailed history is the priority.

d.When a nurse observes several bruises on a child, the initial action should be toobtain a detailed history. This step allows the nurse to gather information about the circumstances surrounding the bruises, assess for any potential signs of abuse, and determine the most appropriate course of action.

A. Reposition the child every 2 hr. B. Remove the traction boot during baths. C. Reduce ﬂuid intake. D. Apply antibiotic ointment to pin sites daily.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The correct answer is choice a. Reposition the child every 2 hr.

Choice A rationale:

Repositioning the child every 2 hours is essential to prevent complications such as pressure ulcers and to promote comfort and circulation.

Choice B rationale:

Removing the traction boot during baths is not recommended as it can disrupt the traction setup and potentially worsen the condition.

Choice C rationale:

Reducing fluid intake is not necessary for managing Legg-Calve-Perthes disease and could lead to dehydration.

Choice D rationale:

Applying antibiotic ointment to pin sites daily is not applicable in this scenario as Buck extension traction typically does not involve pin sites.

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A nurse is caring for a 10-month-old infant who is in a cast for developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). Which of the following strategies should the nurse implement to promote the infant's growth and development?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is assessing a child and notes several bruises. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a child who has Legg-Calve-Perthes disease and is in Buck extension traction. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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A nurse is caring for a 10-month-old infant who is in a cast for developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH).

Which of the following strategies should the nurse implement to promote the infant's growth and development?