Patients with aminoglycoside therapy should be monitored for:
Ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity
ototoxicity and cardiotoxicity
Hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity
Cardiotoxicity and hepatotoxicity
The Correct Answer is A
A. Ototoxicity and Nephrotoxicity:
Ototoxicity: Aminoglycosides can damage the inner ear structures, leading to hearing loss and balance issues.
Nephrotoxicity: These drugs can harm the kidneys, potentially causing acute kidney injury or chronic kidney disease. Monitoring kidney function is crucial to prevent renal damage.
B. Ototoxicity and Cardiotoxicity:
Ototoxicity: As mentioned above, aminoglycosides can damage the inner ear, affecting hearing and balance.
Cardiotoxicity: Aminoglycosides primarily affect the ears and kidneys; they do not directly target the heart. Cardiotoxicity is not a common side effect associated with aminoglycosides.
C. Hepatotoxicity and Nephrotoxicity:
Hepatotoxicity: This term refers to liver damage caused by drugs or toxins. Aminoglycosides are not known to cause liver problems; their primary concern is kidney damage.
Nephrotoxicity: As mentioned earlier, aminoglycosides can harm the kidneys, which is a well-known side effect.
D. Cardiotoxicity and Hepatotoxicity:
Cardiotoxicity: This term refers to the toxic effects on the heart, leading to various heart-related issues. Aminoglycosides do not primarily affect the heart; their main concerns are the ears (ototoxicity) and kidneys (nephrotoxicity).
Hepatotoxicity: Aminoglycosides are not typically associated with liver damage. They are primarily metabolized and excreted by the kidneys, which is why kidney monitoring is crucial during their use.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. "Tetracycline inhibits protein synthesis."
Explanation: Tetracycline antibiotics interfere with bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the bacterial ribosomes. This binding prevents the attachment of transfer RNA (tRNA) to the messenger RNA (mRNA) complex, effectively inhibiting the production of proteins that are crucial for bacterial growth and replication.
B. "Tetracycline blocks RNA synthesis."
Explanation: This statement is incorrect. Tetracycline primarily affects protein synthesis, not RNA synthesis. It doesn't block the creation of RNA molecules in bacteria.
C. "Tetracycline degrades the bacterial cell wall."
Explanation: This statement is incorrect. Tetracycline antibiotics do not target bacterial cell walls. Agents like penicillins and cephalosporins are examples of antibiotics that disrupt bacterial cell walls.
D. "Tetracycline binds to magnesium ions."
Explanation: This statement is incorrect. Tetracycline does bind to certain metal ions, but it's not primarily through magnesium ions. The binding to bacterial ribosomes is a key mechanism of action for tetracyclines.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. IgG: Immunoglobulin G (IgG) is the most abundant antibody in the bloodstream and represents about 75% of all the antibodies in the body. It provides long-term immunity because it can persist in the bloodstream for a long time. IgG antibodies are involved in secondary immune responses and are capable of crossing the placenta, providing passive immunity to newborns.
B. IgE: Immunoglobulin E (IgE) is associated mainly with allergic reactions. When the body is exposed to an allergen, it triggers the release of IgE, leading to the symptoms of an allergic response, such as sneezing or itching.
C. IgM: Immunoglobulin M (IgM) is the largest antibody and is usually the first antibody produced during an initial exposure to an antigen. It is particularly effective at agglutination (clumping together) of pathogens.
D. IgA: Immunoglobulin A (IgA) is found in high concentrations in mucous membranes, particularly those lining the respiratory passages and gastrointestinal tract. It provides localized defense against pathogens. IgA antibodies are also found in saliva, tears, and breast milk, providing immunity to infants.
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