For which client would the use of a phenothiazine most likely be contraindicated?
A client being treated for a traumatic brain injury.
A client with a history of ischemic heart disease.
A pediatric client.
A client with type 2 diabetes.
The Correct Answer is A
Phenothiazines are contraindicated in patients with suspected or established subcortical brain damage. Phenothiazines are a class of drugs that have antipsychotic, antiemetic, and sedative effects. They act by blocking dopamine receptors in the brain and can cause extrapyramidal symptoms, hypotension, and anticholinergic effects.
Choice B is wrong because phenothiazines are not contraindicated in patients with ischemic heart disease.
However, they can cause orthostatic hypotension and cardiac arrhythmias, so they should be used with caution and monitored closely in these patients.
Choice C is wrong because phenothiazines are not contraindicated in pediatric patients.
However, they can cause sedation, hypotension, and extrapyramidal symptoms, so they should be used with caution and at lower doses in these patients.
Choice D is wrong because phenothiazines are not contraindicated in patients with type 2 diabetes.
However, they can cause hyperglycemia and weight gain, so they should be used with caution and monitored closely in these patients.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Propylthiouracil (PTU) is an antithyroid drug that blocks the synthesis of thyroid hormones by interfering with the oxidation of iodine and the coupling of iodotyrosines.
This reduces the levels of triiodothyronine (T) and thyroxine (T) in the blood and relieves the symptoms of hyperthyroidism.
Choice A is wrong because PTU does not destroy any part of the thyroid gland.
It only inhibits the production of thyroid hormones within the gland.
Choice B is wrong because PTU does not suppress the anterior pituitary gland’s secretion of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH).
TSH is a hormone that stimulates the thyroid gland to produce thyroid hormones.
PTU does not affect the feedback loop between the hypothalamus, pituitary, and thyroid glands.
Choice D is wrong because PTU does not suppress the hypothalamus’s production of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH).
TRH is a hormone that stimulates the pituitary gland to secrete TSH.
PTU does not affect the feedback loop between the hypothalamus, pituitary, and thyroid glands.
Normal ranges for T are 80 to 220 ng/dL, for T are 4.5 to 11.2 mcg/dL, and for TSH are 0.4 to 4.0 mIU/L.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Famotidine is a histamine type 2 receptor antagonist (H blocker) which is commonly used for treatment of acid-peptic disease and heartburn. Famotidine has been linked to rare instances of clinically apparent acute liver injury, but it is less likely to cause hepatotoxicity than cimetidine, another H blocker. Famotidine also has fewer drug interactions than cimetidine.
Choice A is wrong because nizatidine is another H blocker that can cause mild and transient serum aminotransferase elevations.
Nizatidine has not been linked to cases of clinically apparent liver injury, but it has not been widely used.
Choice B is wrong because ranitidine is another H blocker that can cause mild and transient serum aminotransferase elevations.
Ranitidine has also been associated with rare instances of clinically apparent liver injury, some of which were fatal or required liver transplantation.
Choice C is wrong because cimetidine is another H blocker that can cause mild and transient serum aminotransferase elevations.
Cimetidine has also been implicated in several cases of clinically apparent acute liver injury, some of which were severe and led to acute liver failure and death.
Cimetidine also has many drug interactions due to its inhibition of cytochrome P enzymes.
Normal ranges for serum aminotransferases are 7 to 56 U/L for alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and 10 to 40 U/L for as
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