The nurse admits to the clinic a 7-month-old infant whose parents report that the baby has not had a bowel movement in 4 days.
What is the nurse’s best action?
Administer a glycerin suppository as prescribed.
Administer magnesium hydroxide as prescribed.
Encourage watchful waiting for 24 hours.
Encourage feeding supplementation with free water.
The Correct Answer is A
Glycerin suppositories are safe and effective for infants with constipation. They work by lubricating and softening the stool, and stimulating the rectal muscles to contract.
Choice B is wrong because magnesium hydroxide is not recommended for infants under 6 months of age, and may cause diarrhea, electrolyte imbalance, or magnesium toxicity.
Choice C is wrong because watchful waiting for 24 hours may not be enough to relieve the infant’s discomfort and may lead to further complications such as fecal impaction or dehydration.
Choice D is wrong because feeding supplementation with free water may not be sufficient to treat constipation, and may dilute the infant’s intake of nutrients and electrolytes.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Tolbutamide is preferred for clients with renal dysfunction, who may not be able to excrete chlorpropamide, because it is more easily cleared from the body.
Choice B. Tolazamide is wrong because it is a first-generation sulfonylurea that is used less frequently and is usually tried after tolbutamide and chlorpropamide have been shown to be ineffective.
Choice C. Chlorpropamide is wrong because it is a first-generation sulfonylurea that may accumulate in clients with renal dysfunction and cause hypoglycemia.
Choice D. Chlorpromazine is wrong because it is an antipsychotic agent, not an oral antidiabetic agent.
First-generation sulfonylureas are oral antidiabetic agents that stimulate insulin secretion from the pancreas.
They are used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus.
The normal range of blood glucose level is 70 to 110 mg/dL.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Desmopressin is a synthetic analog of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) that acts on the kidneys to increase water reabsorption and decrease urine output. Neurogenic diabetes insipidus is a condition caused by a deficiency of ADH due to damage to the hypothalamus or pituitary gland. Patients with this condition have excessive thirst and urination, dehydration, and low urine specific gravity.
Choice B. Methylprednisolone is wrong because it is a corticosteroid that suppresses inflammation and immune response.
It is not used to treat diabetes insipidus.
Choice C. Dexamethasone is wrong because it is also a corticosteroid that has similar effects as methylprednisolone.
It is not used to treat diabetes insipidus.
Choice D. Physostigmine is wrong because it is a cholinesterase inhibitor that increases the levels of acetylcholine in the body.
It is used to treat myasthenia gravis and anticholinergic poisoning.
It has no effect on diabetes insipidus.
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