The nurse is caring for a pediatric client with a new onset of hypercalcemia.
What condition would be most likely to cause this altered serum calcium level?
Liver failure.
Radiation injury.
Malignancy.
Hypothyroidism.
The Correct Answer is C
Hypercalcemia is a condition caused by having too much calcium in the blood, which can affect the function of nerves, muscles, kidneys and heart. Hypercalcemia can occur in children due to various causes, both acquired and genetic. One of the most common causes of hypercalcemia in children is cancer, especially cancers that affect the bones or produce substances that mimic parathyroid hormone (PTH), which regulates calcium levels.
Choice A is wrong because liver failure does not directly cause hypercalcemia, although it can affect vitamin D metabolism and calcium absorption.
Choice B is wrong because radiation injury does not cause hypercalcemia, unless it damages the parathyroid glands or causes bone destruction.
Choice D is wrong because hypothyroidism does not cause hypercalcemia, although it can affect bone turnover and calcium excretion.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
This is because prednisolone can cause insomnia if taken later in the day, and it mimics the natural secretion of cortisol by the adrenal glands, which peaks in the morning.
Choice A is wrong because splitting the dose into two equal doses can increase the risk of adrenal suppression and reduce the efficacy of alternate-day therapy (ADT), which is used to minimize adverse effects of corticosteroids.
Choice B is wrong because taking prednisolone before bedtime can interfere with sleep and cause nocturnal cortisol secretion, which can lead to Cushing syndrome.
Choice C is wrong because taking prednisolone 1 hour before meals can cause gastric irritation and ulceration, and it is recommended to take it with food or milk.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
The nurse should advise the client to avoid aluminum salts because they can increase the risk of aluminum toxicity when taken with sucralfate. Sucralfate forms a protective coating over the ulcer and binds to aluminum in the stomach.
Choice A is wrong because Milk of Magnesia is a magnesium-based antacid that can cause diarrhea, but does not interact with sucralfate.
Choice B is wrong because Calcium carbonate is a calcium-based antacid that can cause constipation, but does not interact with sucralfate.
Choice D is wrong because Proton pump inhibitors are drugs that reduce the production of stomach acid and can help heal ulcers.
They do not interact with sucralfate.
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