An occupational health nurse is implementing some tertiary levels of prevention in the workplace. Which of the following interventions are tertiary interventions?
Working with the floor manager to decide on some light duty work for a nurse aide who is recovering from a broken ankle.
Conducting an in-service on using the new patient lift device to prevent back injuries in the nursing staff.
Screening the staff for Tuberculosis (TB) exposure.
Administering the annual flu vaccine to the employees.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason: Working with the floor manager to decide on some light duty work for a nurse aide who is recovering from a broken ankle
This intervention is an example of tertiary prevention. Tertiary prevention aims to manage and rehabilitate individuals with existing health conditions to prevent further complications and improve their quality of life. By arranging light duty work, the nurse helps the aide continue working while accommodating their recovery, thus preventing further injury and promoting rehabilitation.
Choice B reason: Conducting an in-service on using the new patient lift device to prevent back injuries in the nursing staff
This intervention is an example of primary prevention. Primary prevention aims to prevent diseases or injuries before they occur by reducing exposure to hazards. Conducting training on using patient lift devices helps prevent back injuries among the nursing staff by promoting safe handling techniques.
Choice C reason: Screening the staff for Tuberculosis (TB) exposure
This intervention is an example of secondary prevention. Secondary prevention aims to detect and treat diseases early to halt their progression. Screening for TB exposure helps identify infected individuals early, allowing for timely treatment and preventing the spread of the disease.
Choice D reason: Administering the annual flu vaccine to the employees
This intervention is also an example of primary prevention. Administering flu vaccines helps prevent the onset of influenza by boosting the immune system's ability to fight the virus. Vaccination is a proactive measure to reduce the incidence of flu among employees.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A Reason:
The quick and colorful approach is a method often used for brainstorming and generating ideas in a visually engaging manner. It involves using colorful charts, sticky notes, and other visual aids to help participants think creatively and organize their thoughts. However, this method does not typically involve the use of questionnaires for data collection.
Choice B Reason:
The simplex method is a mathematical approach used for linear programming and optimization problems. It helps in finding the best possible solution from a set of feasible solutions. This method is highly analytical and does not involve the use of questionnaires for data collection or analysis.
Choice C Reason:
The criteria weighting method is used to evaluate and prioritize different options based on specific criteria. Participants assign weights to each criterion based on its importance, and then score each option against these criteria. While this method is useful for decision-making, it does not inherently involve the use of questionnaires for data collection.
Choice D Reason:
Nominal group planning is a structured method for group brainstorming that encourages contributions from everyone. It involves the use of questionnaires to gather individual opinions and then aggregates these responses to identify the most important issues or solutions. This method is particularly effective for prioritizing community needs as it ensures that all voices are heard and considered.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: "I will not know if I am going to be in the intervention or control group."
This statement indicates a misunderstanding of the nature of a cross-sectional study. Cross-sectional studies involve observing a specific population at a single point in time to gather data on various variables. There are no intervention or control groups in such studies, as they do not involve experimental manipulation or longitudinal follow-up.
Choice B reason: "The study will last for 10 years. You will contact me annually for an interview and blood work."
This statement describes a longitudinal study, not a cross-sectional study. Longitudinal studies involve repeated observations of the same variables over an extended period. Cross-sectional studies, on the other hand, collect data at one specific point in time, making this statement incorrect.
Choice C reason: "You'll need to find other participants like me but who do not have this disease."
This statement suggests a case-control study design, where participants with a specific condition (cases) are compared to those without the condition (controls). Cross-sectional studies do not require such comparisons; they simply collect data from a population at a single point in time to analyze the prevalence of certain characteristics or conditions.
Choice D reason: "The survey will take an hour to complete and then I'll be done."
This statement accurately reflects the nature of a cross-sectional study. These studies typically involve a one-time data collection process, such as a survey or interview, to gather information on various variables. Once the survey is completed, the participant's involvement in the study is finished, making this the correct understanding of a cross-sectional study.
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