Which of the following theories or models looks only at the internal factors that motivate a person to adopt healthier lifestyle habits?
Social Cognitive Theory
Ecological Model
Transtheoretical Theor
Health Belief Model
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A Reason:
The Social Cognitive Theory, developed by Albert Bandura, emphasizes the role of observational learning, social experiences, and reciprocal determinism in behavior change. It considers both internal factors (such as self-efficacy) and external factors (such as social influences and environmental conditions) in motivating behavior change. Therefore, it does not focus solely on internal factors.
Choice B Reason:
The Ecological Model, also known as the Social-Ecological Model, looks at multiple levels of influence on behavior, including individual, interpersonal, organizational, community, and public policy levels. This model highlights the interaction between individuals and their physical and sociocultural environments. It does not focus exclusively on internal factors but rather on a broad range of influences.
Choice C Reason:
The Transtheoretical Theory, also known as the Stages of Change Model, describes the process of intentional behavior change through five stages: precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, and maintenance. While it considers internal factors such as motivation and readiness to change, it also acknowledges the role of external factors and interventions in facilitating progress through these stages.
Choice D Reason:
The Health Belief Model focuses on individual perceptions and beliefs as the primary motivators for adopting healthier behaviors. It considers factors such as perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, and perceived barriers. This model is centered on internal cognitive factors that influence a person's decision to engage in health-promoting behaviors, making it the correct answer for a model that looks only at internal factors.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A: Nominal Group Planning is Best Used in Situations Where the Final Decision is Made by the Nurse Leading the Team
This statement is incorrect. Nominal group planning, also known as the nominal group technique (NGT), is designed to facilitate group decision-making and ensure that all members have an equal opportunity to contribute their ideas. It is not intended for situations where a single individual, such as the nurse leading the team, makes the final decision. Instead, NGT aims to gather diverse perspectives and reach a collective agreement on priorities.
Choice B: Nominal Group Planning is Used for Group Exploration to Allow for the Exchange of Dialogue and Opinions by the Stakeholders
This statement is correct. Nominal group planning is a structured method for group brainstorming that encourages contributions from everyone and facilitates quick agreement on the relative importance of issues, problems, or solutions. It allows for the exchange of dialogue and opinions among stakeholders, ensuring that all voices are heard and considered in the decision-making process.
Choice C: Nominal Group Planning Involves Group Consensus Before Prioritizing Data
While nominal group planning does involve group discussion and the sharing of ideas, it does not necessarily require full consensus before prioritizing data. Instead, it uses a voting system to rank the ideas based on their importance. This method ensures that the most critical issues are identified and prioritized, even if there is not complete agreement among all participants.
Choice D: Nominal Group Planning is Authoritarian with the Key Stakeholder Dictating Prioritization of Community Data
This statement is incorrect. Nominal group planning is not an authoritarian process. It is designed to be democratic and inclusive, allowing all group members to participate equally in the decision-making process. The key stakeholder does not dictate the prioritization of community data; instead, the group collectively determines the priorities through discussion and voting.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: There's no way to predict how a client will do on a medical regimen.
This statement is incorrect because the Theory of Reasoned Action/Planned Behavior (TRA/TPB) provides a framework for predicting and understanding behaviors, including adherence to medical regimens. According to this theory, behavioral intentions, influenced by attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control, can predict actual behavior. Therefore, it is possible to predict how a client might adhere to a medical regimen based on these factors.
Choice B reason: There is a high chance of better outcomes with more education.
While education is important, it alone may not be sufficient to ensure better outcomes. The TRA/TPB suggests that intentions to perform a behavior are influenced by attitudes towards the behavior, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control. Without addressing these factors, simply providing more education may not lead to improved adherence or outcomes.
Choice C reason: There is a higher chance of complications due to poor adherence to the plan.
This statement aligns with the TRA/TPB, which posits that poor adherence to a medical regimen can lead to negative health outcomes. In the context of diabetes management, poor adherence to dietary and exercise plans can result in uncontrolled blood glucose levels, leading to complications such as cardiovascular disease, neuropathy, and retinopathy. The client's reported lack of motivation and non-adherence to the meal plan and exercise regimen increases the risk of such complications.
Choice D reason: The outcomes will be about the same.
This statement is incorrect because it overlooks the impact of adherence on health outcomes. According to the TRA/TPB, adherence to recommended behaviors is crucial for achieving positive health outcomes. In diabetes management, adherence to dietary and exercise plans is essential for controlling blood glucose levels and preventing complications. Therefore, outcomes are unlikely to remain the same if the client does not adhere to the recommended regimen.
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