A community health nurse is using the United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) guidelines to recommend health screenings for a client. The nurse should identify which of the following descriptions applies to Grade C screenings?
Research indicates this screening is not warranted at this time and may, in fact, be harmful.
Research indicates this screening exam has a small benefit.
There is not enough evidence to determine if this screening is helpful or not
Research indicates this screening exam is beneficial.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A Reason:
Research indicating that a screening is not warranted at this time and may be harmful aligns with a Grade D recommendation from the USPSTF. Grade D recommendations suggest that the service has no net benefit or that the harms outweigh the benefits, and therefore, it should be discouraged.
Choice B Reason:
A Grade C recommendation from the USPSTF means that the service should be selectively offered or provided to individual patients based on professional judgment and patient preferences. There is at least moderate certainty that the net benefit is small. This means that while there is some benefit, it is not substantial enough to recommend the service for all individuals.
Choice C Reason:
The statement that there is not enough evidence to determine if a screening is helpful or not corresponds to a Grade I (Insufficient) recommendation. This grade indicates that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of the service. More research is needed to make a definitive recommendation.
Choice D Reason:
Research indicating that a screening exam is beneficial aligns with a Grade A or B recommendation. Grade A recommendations suggest high certainty that the net benefit is substantial, while Grade B recommendations suggest high certainty that the net benefit is moderate or there is moderate certainty that the net benefit is moderate to substantial.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A Reason:
Identifying a support system to prevent the client from giving into the urge to smoke is crucial during the preparation phase of the Transtheoretical Model. In this phase, the client is ready to take action within the next 30 days and may start taking small steps towards quitting smoking. A support system, which can include family, friends, or support groups, provides the necessary encouragement and accountability to help the client stay committed to their goal. This support can significantly increase the chances of successful smoking cessation by offering emotional and practical assistance².
Choice B Reason:
Giving literature to the client who has expressed wanting to quit but is not yet ready to do so aligns more with the contemplation phase of the Transtheoretical Model. In the contemplation phase, individuals are considering quitting within the next six months but are not yet ready to take immediate action. Providing educational materials can help them understand the benefits of quitting and the steps involved, but it is not as relevant for someone in the preparation phase who is already planning to quit soon.
Choice C Reason:
Consoling the client for smoking a cigarette after having quit smoking 4 months ago is more appropriate for the maintenance phase. In the maintenance phase, individuals work to sustain their behavior change and prevent relapse. While offering support after a relapse is important, it does not align with the preparation phase, where the focus is on planning and preparing to quit smoking.
Choice D Reason:
Teaching the client who refuses to quit smoking about fire safety and cigarette smoking is not relevant to the preparation phase. This intervention might be more suitable for individuals in the precontemplation phase, where they are not yet considering quitting and need to be made aware of the risks associated with smoking. In the preparation phase, the client is already motivated to quit, so the focus should be on supporting their efforts to take action.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: "Although I live in the country, my neighbor takes me shopping each week. It takes about 10 minutes for us to drive to the nearest grocery store."
This statement indicates that the client has access to a grocery store within a reasonable driving distance, even though they rely on a neighbor for transportation. While this situation may present some challenges, it does not fit the definition of a food desert, which is characterized by limited access to affordable and nutritious food.
Choice B reason: "Sometimes I get food from the Salvation Army food pantry that is about a half a mile from my house."
This statement suggests that the client has access to a food pantry relatively close to their home. While relying on food pantries can indicate food insecurity, it does not necessarily mean the client lives in a food desert. Food deserts are defined by the lack of access to grocery stores that provide fresh and nutritious food.
Choice C reason: "I am able to walk to a grocery store that is 5 blocks away from my apartment."
This statement indicates that the client has convenient access to a grocery store within walking distance. This accessibility does not align with the characteristics of a food desert, where residents typically have to travel long distances to reach a grocery store.
Choice D reason: "I cannot always afford ride-share services to get to the nearest store, which is 30 minutes away from where I live."
This statement fits the definition of a food desert. The client has to travel a significant distance to reach the nearest grocery store and faces financial barriers to accessing transportation. This limited access to grocery stores that provide fresh and nutritious food is a key characteristic of food deserts.
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