A public health nurse and a public health team are assessing a community using the ecological model. Which of the following characteristics should the team consider first?
Individual
Close social circles
Social and cultural factors
Environment
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A Reason:
Considering the individual characteristics first focuses on personal attributes such as age, gender, genetics, and personal health behaviors. While these factors are important, the ecological model emphasizes the broader context in which individuals live. Starting with individual characteristics may overlook the larger environmental and social influences that significantly impact health outcomes.
Choice B Reason:
Close social circles, including family, friends, and immediate social networks, play a crucial role in shaping health behaviors and providing support. These relationships can influence lifestyle choices, stress levels, and access to resources. However, focusing on close social circles first may not capture the broader environmental and societal factors that also affect health.
Choice C Reason:
Social and cultural factors encompass the norms, values, and practices of the community. These factors influence health behaviors, access to healthcare, and overall well-being. While social and cultural factors are vital, they are part of a larger context that includes the physical environment. Addressing these factors without considering the environment may provide an incomplete picture of the community's health.
Choice D Reason:
The environment includes the physical, social, and economic conditions in which people live. This encompasses factors such as housing quality, access to green spaces, pollution levels, and availability of healthcare services. The environment sets the stage for individual and community health by influencing exposure to risks and access to resources. Starting with the environment provides a comprehensive understanding of the context in which individuals and communities operate, making it the most appropriate starting point for an ecological assessment.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A Reason:
It should only be used for substance abuse prevention efforts. This statement is incorrect. While the Strategic Prevention Framework (SPF) is often used in substance abuse prevention, its principles and steps are versatile and can be applied to a wide range of public health issues. Limiting its use to substance abuse prevention does not fully utilize the framework's potential.
Choice B Reason:
It should only be used with youth populations. This statement is also incorrect. The SPF is designed to be flexible and applicable to various populations, not just youth. It can be used to address health concerns across different age groups and demographics, making it a valuable tool for diverse community health initiatives.
Choice C Reason:
It can be adopted for a variety of community issues. This is the correct answer because the SPF is a comprehensive framework that can be tailored to address multiple public health challenges. Its structured approach to assessment, planning, implementation, and evaluation makes it suitable for a wide range of issues beyond substance abuse, including mental health, chronic disease prevention, and more.
Choice D Reason:
It was developed by the World Health Organization. This statement is incorrect. The Strategic Prevention Framework was developed by the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) in the United States. It is not a product of the World Health Organization, although its principles are consistent with global public health practices.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A Reason:
Giving health education to congregants of a place of worship is an important role, but it is more specific to community health nursing rather than population health nursing. Population health nurses focus on broader community and population-level interventions rather than specific groups within a community.
Choice B Reason:
Disseminating assessment findings to the community that was assessed is a key function of a population health nurse. This role involves collecting data on the health status of a population, analyzing it, and sharing the findings with the community to inform and guide public health interventions. This process helps in identifying health trends, risks, and needs, enabling the development of targeted health programs and policies.
Choice C Reason:
Supporting clients in managing their own health conditions is typically a function of clinical or community health nurses who work directly with individual patients. Population health nurses, on the other hand, focus on the health outcomes of entire populations rather than individual patient care.
Choice D Reason:
Overseeing the health promotion of the pediatric population in an academic setting is a specialized role that falls under school nursing or pediatric nursing. While population health nurses may work with pediatric populations, their focus is on broader public health strategies rather than specific settings like schools.
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