An adult patient has been diagnosed with diverticular disease after ongoing challenges with constipation. The patient will be treated on an outpatient basis. What components of treatment should the nurse anticipate? Select all that apply.

Anticholinergic medications

Increased fiber intake

Reduced fat intake

Fluid reduction

Enemas on alternating days

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B

Choice A reason:

Anticholinergic medications: These are not a component of treatment for diverticular disease. Anticholinergic medications can reduce intestinal motility and cause dry mouth, constipation, and urinary retention, which can aggravate the diverticula and increase the risk of complications. The patient should avoid these medications unless prescribed by a doctor for another condition.

Choice B reason:

Increasing fiber intake is a common component of treatment for diverticular disease as it can help prevent constipation and reduce the risk of diverticulitis.

Choice C reason:

Reducing fat intake is also important in the treatment of diverticular disease, as a low-fat diet can help prevent further irritation of the colon.

Choice D reason:

This is not a component of treatment for diverticular disease. On the contrary, adequate fluid intake is essential to prevent dehydration and constipation, which can worsen the condition. The patient should drink at least eight glasses of water per day or more if they have a high-fiber diet.

Choice E reason:

These are not a component of treatment for diverticular disease. Enemas can irritate the colon and increase the pressure in the diverticula, which can lead to perforation or bleeding. The patient should avoid enemas unless instructed by a doctor for a specific reason.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason:

Increased blood pressure is not typically associated with gastrointestinal perforation; hypotension may be more indicative.

Choice B reason:

Hyperactive bowel sounds may be present in various gastrointestinal conditions, but they are not specific to perforation.

Choice C reason:

Bradycardia is not a typical sign of gastrointestinal perforation; tachycardia may be more indicative of this condition.

Choice D reason:

This statement is correct. Sudden abdominal pain is a key indication of gastrointestinal perforation, and it should be monitored closely.

A. Remove the NG tube promptly and obtain an order for reinsertion from the primary care provider. B. Attach a syringe filled with warm water and attempt an in-and-out motion of instilling and aspirating. C. Withdraw the NG tube slightly and attempt to dislodge by flicking the tube with the fingers. D. Withdraw the NG tube 3 to 5 cm and reattempt aspiration.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason:

Removing the NG tube without further attempts to unclog it may not be necessary and could be an unnecessary intervention.

Choice B reason:

This statement is correct. Attempting to unclog the NG tube with warm water and an in-and-out motion is an appropriate next step.

Choice C reason:

Flicking the tube with the fingers may not be effective in dislodging the clog, and it could potentially cause harm to the patient.

Choice D reason:

Withdrawing the tube 3 to 5 cm may not effectively address the clog and could potentially lead to complications.

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An adult patient has been diagnosed with diverticular disease after ongoing challenges with constipation. The patient will be treated on an outpatient basis. What components of treatment should the nurse anticipate? Select all that apply.

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who has peptic ulcer disease. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following findings as an indication of gastrointestinal perforation?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A patient's NG tube has become clogged after the nurse instilled a medication that was insufficiently crushed. The nurse has attempted to aspirate with a large-bore syringe, with no success. What should the nurse do next?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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