According to psychoanalytic theory, which of the following best describes the role of the superego in personality development and mental health?
It represents internalized moral standards and ideals, often generating feelings of guilt and pride.
It operates on the pleasure principle, seeking immediate gratification of basic drives.
It acts as the mediator between the conscious and unconscious mind, balancing impulses and reality.
It is responsible for unconscious defense mechanisms that protect the ego from anxiety.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason: The superego internalizes societal and parental standards of right and wrong. It guides moral development and can produce guilt when standards are violated or pride when they are upheld.
Choice B reason: The pleasure principle refers to the id, which seeks immediate gratification of desires without considering consequences. This does not describe the superego.
Choice C reason: The ego, not the superego, mediates between the id, superego, and external reality. It works on the reality principle to balance impulses with acceptable behavior.
Choice D reason: Defense mechanisms are managed by the ego, not the superego. They protect against anxiety but are not the superego’s primary function.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Haloperidol may be used for severe agitation or hallucinations but is not the first-line treatment for delirium tremens because it does not address the underlying withdrawal process.
Choice B reason: Lorazepam, a benzodiazepine, is the drug of choice for managing alcohol withdrawal and delirium tremens. It reduces agitation, prevents seizures, and manages autonomic instability.
Choice C reason: Naltrexone is used to reduce alcohol cravings and prevent relapse but is not appropriate for acute withdrawal or delirium tremens.
Choice D reason: Disulfiram is an aversive therapy medication used to discourage alcohol consumption by causing unpleasant effects if alcohol is ingested. It is contraindicated during withdrawal due to safety risks.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: Consistent rules and firm boundaries are essential when working with individuals who display antisocial traits. Structure minimizes opportunities for manipulation and helps maintain safety and fairness on the unit.
Choice B reason: Offering sympathy and reassurance may reinforce manipulative behavior and undermine professional boundaries. It does not address the core issue of rule violation and lack of accountability.
Choice C reason: Allowing too much flexibility may increase opportunities for the client to exploit staff and disregard rules. This approach is counterproductive when dealing with manipulative behaviors.
Choice D reason: Developing a close, personal rapport risks blurring professional boundaries. Clients with these traits may exploit such relationships to gain privileges, which can disrupt treatment and unit structure.
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