A school-aged patient was recently diagnosed with type I diabetes mellitus. What symptom did the patient’s parents most likely report?
The patient urinates only once or twice a day.
The patient gained 10 lb (4.5 kg) within a month.
The patient refuses to eat their favorite meals at home.
The patient has been drinking more fluids than usual.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale
Urinating only once or twice a day is not a typical symptom of type I diabetes mellitus. In fact, frequent urination is a common symptom of diabetes.
Choice B rationale
Rapid weight gain is not typically associated with type I diabetes mellitus. On the contrary, unexplained weight loss is a common symptom.
Choice C rationale
Refusing to eat favorite meals is not a typical symptom of type I diabetes mellitus. Changes in appetite can occur in various conditions, but they are not specific to diabetes.
Choice D rationale
Drinking more fluids than usual, also known as polydipsia, is a common symptom of type I diabetes mellitus. This is often accompanied by polyuria (frequent urination) due to high blood sugar levels.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
While taking the blood pressure in the other arm might avoid the spasms, it does not address the underlying cause of the spasms. Therefore, this is not the best action for the nurse to take.
Choice B rationale
Using a different sphygmomanometer would not necessarily prevent the spasms from occurring. The spasms are likely not caused by the equipment itself, but rather a physiological issue within the client.
Choice C rationale
The spasms in the client’s hand and fingers could be a sign of hypocalcemia, a condition where there is not enough calcium in the blood. One of the symptoms of hypocalcemia is muscle spasms or tetany. Therefore, reviewing the client’s serum calcium level would be an appropriate action to take.
Choice D rationale
Administering a PRN antianxiety medication would not address the underlying cause of the spasms. While anxiety can cause muscle tension and spasms, there is no indication in the scenario that anxiety is the cause of this client’s symptoms.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Gastric lavage is a procedure that involves the insertion of a tube into the stomach to remove its contents and is typically used in cases of poisoning or drug overdose. However, it should not be the first action taken. The type of chemical exposure needs to be determined first to guide appropriate treatment.
Choice B rationale
Determining the type of chemical exposure is crucial as it guides the subsequent steps in management. Different chemicals can have different effects on the body and require different treatments.
Choice C rationale
While assessing for altered sensorium is important in a child exposed to chemicals, it is not the first action. The nurse needs to identify the type of chemical the child was exposed to in order to anticipate potential complications and guide treatment.
Choice D rationale
Calling the poison control emergency number is an important step in managing a case of chemical exposure. However, having information about the type of chemical the child was exposed to can make this call more effective.
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