An adult patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) is due to be admitted to the medical unit from the emergency department within the next hour.
The patient’s lab results show that the serum glucose is 175 mg/dL (9.63 mmol/L) and the A1c is 9%. Which meal option should the nurse request for the patient’s dinner tray?

Choice A rationale
The most crucial intervention for a nurse to include in the care plan of a client with a deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in the left leg who is on a heparin protocol is to monitor for bleeding side effects related to heparin therapy. Heparin is an anticoagulant medication that prevents the formation of blood clots. While it is an effective treatment for DVT, it can also increase the risk of bleeding. Therefore, it is essential for the nurse to closely monitor the client for any signs of bleeding, such as unusual bruising, blood in urine or stool, or bleeding gums.
Choice B rationale
While promoting movement can help prevent a pulmonary embolism (a potential complication of DVT), it is not the most crucial intervention when a client is on a heparin protocol. Excessive movement can potentially dislodge the clot, leading to a pulmonary embolism. Therefore, while movement is important, it should be done under the guidance of a healthcare professional.
Choice C rationale
Checking blood pressure and heart rate at least every 4 hours is a standard nursing intervention for many clients, not just those with DVT. While it is important to monitor these vital signs, it is not the most crucial intervention for a client with DVT on a heparin protocol.
Choice D rationale

Measuring the circumference of each calf can help assess for leg edema, which can be a sign of DVT. However, this is not the most crucial intervention for a client on a heparin protocol. The priority is to monitor for bleeding side effects related to the heparin therapy.

Choice A rationale
While the sensitivity of genetic markers can influence the choice of treatment, it is not the primary pathophysiological process involved in BRCA1 and BRCA2 genetic testing. The main purpose of these tests is to identify genetic mutations that increase the risk of developing certain types of cancer.
Choice B rationale
BRCA1 and BRCA2 do play a role in protecting mature, functioning breast and ovarian cells. However, this is not the primary reason for conducting BRCA1 and BRCA2 genetic testing. The main purpose of these tests is to identify mutations that increase cancer risk.
Choice C rationale

This is the correct answer. Mutations in BRCA1 or BRCA2 can significantly increase a person’s risk for developing breast and ovarian cancer. Therefore, identifying these mutations through genetic testing can help determine a person’s cancer risk.
Choice D rationale
While inherited mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 can influence the prognosis of breast cancer, the primary purpose of BRCA1 and BRCA2 genetic testing is to identify mutations that increase cancer risk, not to determine prognosis.