An adult patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) is due to be admitted to the medical unit from the emergency department within the next hour.
The patient’s lab results show that the serum glucose is 175 mg/dL (9.63 mmol/L) and the A1c is 9%. Which meal option should the nurse request for the patient’s dinner tray?

Vegetarian lasagna with cheese and spinach, a tossed green salad with ranch dressing, and fresh fruit.

Fried chicken breast, mashed potatoes, green beans, sliced tomatoes, and fresh apple pie.

Grilled fish with whole-grain brown rice, steamed broccoli, and a pear poached in red wine.

Lean hamburger with cheese, tomato, and lettuce on a whole-wheat bun, and angel food cake.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A rationale
Vegetarian lasagna with cheese and spinach, a tossed green salad with ranch dressing, and fresh fruit is a balanced meal. However, it may not be the best choice for a patient with type 2 diabetes due to the high carbohydrate content in the lasagna and the dressing.
Choice B rationale
Fried chicken breast, mashed potatoes, green beans, sliced tomatoes, and fresh apple pie is not the best choice for a patient with type 2 diabetes. Fried foods and mashed potatoes are high in carbohydrates and fats, which can raise blood sugar levels.
Choice C rationale
Grilled fish with whole-grain brown rice, steamed broccoli, and a pear poached in red wine is a good choice for a patient with type 2 diabetes. This meal is balanced with lean protein, whole grains, and vegetables, which can help control blood sugar levels.

Choice D rationale
Lean hamburger with cheese, tomato, and lettuce on a whole-wheat bun, and angel food cake is not the best choice for a patient with type 2 diabetes. Although the hamburger is lean, the whole-wheat bun and angel food cake are high in carbohydrates, which can raise blood sugar levels.

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Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale
After a gastric endoscopy, it’s common for patients to experience a sore throat. This is due to the passage of the endoscope through the throat during the procedure. The discomfort is usually temporary and can be relieved with lozenges or gargling with warm salt water.
Choice B rationale
While headaches can occur after procedures that involve sedation, they are not commonly associated with gastric endoscopy specifically. Therefore, while it’s important to monitor for headaches, they are not a typical post-procedure problem following a gastric endoscopy.
Choice C rationale
Aching legs are not a common problem following a gastric endoscopy. The procedure primarily involves the upper gastrointestinal tract, and does not directly affect the legs.
Choice D rationale
Nausea can occur after a gastric endoscopy, but it is more commonly associated with the sedation used during the procedure rather than the procedure itself. If nausea does occur, it can be managed with antiemetic medications.

A. One positive response indicates the patient should seek help with alcohol addiction. B. All responses to the CAGE Questionnaire must be positive to suggest alcohol dependence. C. The CAGE Questionnaire is a tool used to identify general substance abuse. D. At least two positive responses are strongly suggestive of alcohol dependence.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale
While any positive response on the CAGE questionnaire could be a cause for concern and warrant further investigation, one positive response does not definitively indicate that the patient should seek help with alcohol addiction. The CAGE questionnaire is a screening tool used to identify potential problems with alcohol, but it is not diagnostic. A healthcare provider would need to conduct a more thorough assessment to diagnose alcohol addiction.
Choice B rationale
It is not necessary for all responses to the CAGE questionnaire to be positive in order to suggest alcohol dependence. The CAGE questionnaire is a screening tool, and while a greater number of positive responses increases the likelihood of alcohol dependence, it is not a requirement for all responses to be positive. A score of two or more is considered clinically significant.

Choice C rationale
The CAGE questionnaire is indeed a tool used to identify potential problems with alcohol, but it is not used to identify general substance abuse. The CAGE questionnaire specifically asks about feelings related to alcohol use. There are other screening tools available that are designed to identify issues with other substances.
Choice D rationale
This is the correct answer. The CAGE questionnaire is a validated screening tool that is widely used in clinical settings to detect alcoholism. It is considered positive, and suggestive of alcohol dependence, if two or more questions are answered affirmatively.

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Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

When providing nursing care for a client after a gastric endoscopy, which intervention should the nurse include in the post-procedure plan of care for commonly occurring problems?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The patient provides three positive responses to items on the CAGE (Cut down, Annoyed, Guilty, Eye-opener) query. What interpretation should the nurse provide to the patient?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The nurse notices redness under the chin of a client who is receiving oxygen at 2 L/minute via a nasal cannula. What action should the nurse take?

A mother rushes into the emergency department carrying her toddler who has been exposed to some cleaning products. The child has a chemical smell on their hands, face, and clothes. After ensuring the airway is patent, which action should the nurse take first?

Which laboratory test results should the nurse monitor in a patient who has end-stage renal disease (ESRD)?

The nurse identifies an electrolyte imbalance, elevated blood pressure, and a weight gain of 4.4 lbs (2 kg) in 24 hours in a client with hepatic failure. Which intervention should the nurse include in the plan of care?

A patient with pancreatic cancer develops ascites, and 2 liters of fluid are removed via paracentesis. What schedule should the nurse follow to monitor the patient’s blood pressure after this procedure?

A 10-year-old child with pneumonia is receiving oxygen at 5 L/minute via a nasal cannula. When planning care for this child, what principle of oxygen administration should the nurse keep in mind?

Which intervention should the nurse implement during the administration of a vesicant chemotherapeutic agent via an intravenous (IV) site in the client’s arm?