A program of weight loss and exercise is recommended for a patient with impaired fasting glucose (IFG). When teaching the patient about the reason for these lifestyle changes, the nurse will tell the patient that:

The onset of diabetes and the associated cardiovascular risks can be delayed or prevented by weight loss and exercise.

Although the fasting plasma glucose levels do not currently indicate diabetes, the glycosylated hemoglobin will be elevated.

The high insulin levels associated with this syndrome damage the lining of blood vessels leading to vascular disease.

The liver is producing excessive glucose, which will eventually exhaust the ability of the pancreas to produce insulin, and exercise will normalize glucose production.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

This statement is correct. Impaired fasting glucose (IFG) is a condition in which the fasting blood glucose level is higher than normal but not high enough to be diagnosed as diabetes. However, people with IFG are at increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Weight loss and exercise can help to prevent or delay the onset of diabetes and reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The correct answer is c. I will eat foods high in potassium because the diuretics cause potassium loss.

Rationale for Choice A:

Statement:"I should weigh myself daily and report any sudden weight loss or gain."
Rationale:This statement is correct.It's crucial for patients with SIADH to monitor their weight daily as even slight fluctuations can signal fluid imbalances.Sudden weight gain can indicate fluid retention,while sudden weight loss might suggest dehydration.Both scenarios warrant medical attention.

Rationale for Choice B:

Statement:"I need to limit my fluid intake to no more than 1 quart of liquids a day."
Rationale:This statement is also correct.Fluid restriction is a cornerstone of SIADH management.By limiting fluid intake,patients can help prevent the buildup of excess fluid in the body,which can lead to complications such as hyponatremia (low sodium levels in the blood) and edema.

Rationale for Choice C:

Statement:"I will eat foods high in potassium because the diuretics cause potassium loss."
Rationale:This statement is incorrect.While some diuretics used in the treatment of SIADH can indeed cause potassium loss,this is not a universal side effect.Furthermore,increasing potassium intake without medical supervision can be dangerous,potentially leading to hyperkalemia (high potassium levels in the blood).It's essential for patients to consult with their healthcare providers for individualized guidance on potassium intake.

Rationale for Choice D:

Statement:"I need to shop for foods that are low in sodium and avoid adding salt to foods."
Rationale:This statement is correct.A low-sodium diet is often recommended for patients with SIADH to help manage fluid balance and prevent hyponatremia.Restricting sodium intake can reduce fluid retention and help maintain appropriate sodium levels in the blood.

A. The patient is totally dependent on an outside source of insulin. B. The insulin precursor that is secreted by the pancreas is not activated by the liver. C. There is decreased insulin secretion and cellular resistance to insulin that is produced. D. The immune system destroys the pancreatic insulin-producing cells.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by high blood sugar levels resulting from decreased insulin secretion and/or increased insulin resistance. In type 2 diabetes, the body's cells become resistant to insulin, which is a hormone that helps regulate blood sugar levels by allowing glucose to enter cells for energy. As a result, the pancreas produces more insulin to compensate for the increased demand, but over time, the pancreas may not be able to keep up, and blood sugar levels rise.

Unlike type 1 diabetes, which is an autoimmune disorder in which the body's immune system destroys the insulin-producing cells in the pancreas, people with type 2 diabetes still produce insulin, but their body is not able to use it eﬀectively. Therefore, type 2 diabetes can be managed through lifestyle changes, such as diet and exercise, and/or medication, such as oral hypoglycemic agents or insulin therapy.

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A program of weight loss and exercise is recommended for a patient with impaired fasting glucose (IFG). When teaching the patient about the reason for these lifestyle changes, the nurse will tell the patient that:

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

When teaching a patient with chronic SIADH about long-term management of the disorder, the nurse determines that additional instruction is needed when the patient says:

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Mr. G was newly diagnosed with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, he asks the nurse what "type 2” means in relation to diabetes. The nurse to the patient that type 2 diabetes diﬀers from type 1 diabetes in that with type 2 diabetes:

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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