A program of weight loss and exercise is recommended for a patient with impaired fasting glucose (IFG). When teaching the patient about the reason for these lifestyle changes, the nurse will tell the patient that:

The onset of diabetes and the associated cardiovascular risks can be delayed or prevented by weight loss and exercise.

Although the fasting plasma glucose levels do not currently indicate diabetes, the glycosylated hemoglobin will be elevated.

The high insulin levels associated with this syndrome damage the lining of blood vessels leading to vascular disease.

The liver is producing excessive glucose, which will eventually exhaust the ability of the pancreas to produce insulin, and exercise will normalize glucose production.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

This statement is correct. Impaired fasting glucose (IFG) is a condition in which the fasting blood glucose level is higher than normal but not high enough to be diagnosed as diabetes. However, people with IFG are at increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Weight loss and exercise can help to prevent or delay the onset of diabetes and reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Sudden discontinuation of prednisone can result in adrenal insufficiency and can lead to life-threatening complications. The nurse should also instruct the patient to report any symptoms of an infection, such as fever, to the doctor promptly, as prednisone can mask signs of an infection.

Monitoring for mood alterations and daily weight measurement are also important aspects of care, but they are not as crucial as the need to gradually taper oﬀ the medication.

A. institute seizure precautions such as padded side rails. B. assist the patient to perform range-of-motion exercises QID. C. encourage the patient to drink 4000 ml of ﬂuid daily. D. monitor the patient for positive Chvostek’s or Trousseaus sign.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The patient with primary hyperparathyroidism has high levels of calcium in the blood (hypercalcemia) which can lead to symptoms such as kidney stones, bone pain, and weakness. High urine calcium levels may also be present due to the increased calcium in the blood.

One important intervention for managing hypercalcemia is to encourage ﬂuid intake to promote increased urine output and prevent the formation of kidney stones. Therefore, the nurse should encourage the patient to drink at least 4000 ml of ﬂuids per day.

Seizure precautions (a), range-of-motion exercises (b), and monitoring for positive Chvostek’s or Trousseaus sign (d) are not directly related to managing hypercalcemia and are not necessary in this case.

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A program of weight loss and exercise is recommended for a patient with impaired fasting glucose (IFG). When teaching the patient about the reason for these lifestyle changes, the nurse will tell the patient that:

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A patient is taking high doses of prednisone to control the symptoms of acute exacerbation of systemic lupus erythematosus. When teaching the patient about the use of prednisone, which information is important for the nurse to include?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A patient with primary hyperparathyroidism has a serum calcium level of 14 mg/dl (3.5 mmol/L), phosphorus of 1.7 mg/dl (55 mmol/L), serum creatinine of 2.2 mg/dl (194 mmol/L). and high urine calcium. While the patient awaits surgery, the nurse should:

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A program of weight loss and exercise is recommended for a patient with impaired fasting glucose (IFG). When teaching the patient about the reason for these lifestyle changes, the nurse will tell the patient that:

A patient is hospitalized with acute adrenal insufficiency. The nurse determines that the patient is responding favorably to treatment on finding:

A client is taking furosemide (Lasix), a diuretic. and becomes confused. Which potassium level does the nurse correlate with this condition?

A nurse is planning care for a client who has acute gastritis. Which of the following nursing interventions should NOT be included in the plan of care?

The nurse is admitting a patient who is nauseated and vomiting up blood-streaked ﬂuid with diagnosis of acute gastritis. When obtaining the admission health history, it will be most important for the nurse to ask the patient about:

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The nurse is caring for a patient with hypothermia and ﬂuid volume excess. Which of the following would be included in the plan of care?