A program of weight loss and exercise is recommended for a patient with impaired fasting glucose (IFG). When teaching the patient about the reason for these lifestyle changes, the nurse will tell the patient that:

The onset of diabetes and the associated cardiovascular risks can be delayed or prevented by weight loss and exercise.

Although the fasting plasma glucose levels do not currently indicate diabetes, the glycosylated hemoglobin will be elevated.

The high insulin levels associated with this syndrome damage the lining of blood vessels leading to vascular disease.

The liver is producing excessive glucose, which will eventually exhaust the ability of the pancreas to produce insulin, and exercise will normalize glucose production.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

This statement is correct. Impaired fasting glucose (IFG) is a condition in which the fasting blood glucose level is higher than normal but not high enough to be diagnosed as diabetes. However, people with IFG are at increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Weight loss and exercise can help to prevent or delay the onset of diabetes and reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Diabetes insipidus is a condition where the body is not able to regulate water balance properly, leading to excessive urine output and dehydration. The patient's urine output of 800 ml/hr (option A) and low urine specific gravity of 1.003 (option C) is consistent with diabetes insipidus and requires monitoring, but they are not as immediately concerning as the patient's confusion and lethargy.

Confusion and lethargy may indicate severe dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, or even brain swelling (if the patient had a recent head injury, as mentioned in option D). These symptoms require immediate attention to prevent further complications and ensure the patient's safety.

A. "Oﬀer the client the commode or urinal every 2 hours." B. "Decrease the client's oral ﬂuid intake to 1 L/day." C. "Instruct the client to hold urine as long as possible to restore bladder tone." D. "Use a Foley catheter at night to prevent accidents."

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The nurse will include the instruction "Oﬀer the client the commode or urinal every 2 hours" in the teaching plan for the client's family. This approach is known as timed voiding and can help the client re-establish a regular pattern of urination. Option "a" promotes frequent voiding, which helps

prevent accidents and promotes bladder health. Option "b" is not a recommended approach and can lead to dehydration, urinary tract infections, and other complications. Option "c" is also not recommended since holding urine for extended periods can lead to bladder distention and increase the risk of urinary tract infections. Option "d" is also not recommended since catheterization should only be considered in specific cases where other options have failed or are not feasible.

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A program of weight loss and exercise is recommended for a patient with impaired fasting glucose (IFG). When teaching the patient about the reason for these lifestyle changes, the nurse will tell the patient that:

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is A

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