A primary immune response, and a secondary immune response:
Occurs only in children; occurs only in adults.
Is very rapid in producing antibodies after exposure to antigens; is very slow in producing antibodies after exposure to antigens.
Produces antibodies within five to ten days of exposure to antigens; produces antibodies within a day or two of subsequent exposure to the same antigen.
Is very important; is less important to the body’s ability to protect itself.
The Correct Answer is C
It explains that the primary immune response produces antibodies within five to ten days of exposure to antigens, while the secondary immune response produces antibodies within a day or two of subsequent exposure to the same antigen.
This is because the primary immune response involves the activation and differentiation of naive B cells into plasma cells and memory cells, while the secondary immune response involves the rapid activation of memory cells into plasma cells.
Choice A is wrong because the primary and secondary immune responses can occur in both children and adults.
Choice B is wrong because the primary immune response is slower than the secondary immune response in producing antibodies.
Choice D is wrong because both primary and secondary immune responses are important for the body’s ability to protect itself from pathogens.
The primary immune response generates immunological memory, while the secondary immune response provides a faster and stronger response to repeated infections.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
It is a major component of the lymphatic system and contains T and B lymphocytes.
Choice B is wrong because the spleen does not produce T lymphocytes, but rather stores them.
T lymphocytes are produced in the thymus.
Choice C is wrong because the spleen does not filter lymph, but rather blood. It traps bloodborne microbes and produces an immune response to them.
Choice D is wrong because the spleen consists of one lobe and is located in the upper left abdomen below the diaphragm.
The description in choice D matches the thymus, not the spleen.
The normal size of the spleen in adults is about 12 cm long, 8 cm broad, and 3-4 cm thick, weighing about 200 g.
The normal range of splenic index (the product of length, width, and thickness) is 120-480 cm.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Kidneys are not part of the lymphatic system.
The lymphatic system is a network of vessels and organs that drain excess fluid from the tissues, transport fats and immune cells, and protect the body from infections.
Kidneys are part of the urinary system, which filters blood, regulates fluid and electrolyte balance, and produces urine.
Choice A is wrong because kidneys do not have a direct connection to the lymphatic system.
Although kidneys have lymphatic vessels in their cortex, they do not originate from the lymphatic system.
Kidneys receive blood from the renal arteries and return it to the renal veins.
The lymphatic vessels in the kidney cortex drain interstitial fluid and immune cells from the kidney tissue to the regional lymph nodes.
Some additional sentences are:
Choice B is right because kidneys are part of the urinary system, not the lymphatic system.
The urinary system and the lymphatic system have different functions and structures in the body.
Normal ranges for kidney function tests include blood urea nitrogen (BUN) of 7 to 20 mg/dL, serum creatinine of 0.6 to 1.2 mg/dL, and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of more than 90 mL/min/1.73 m.
Normal ranges for lymphatic system tests include white blood cell (WBC) count of 4,000 to 11,000 cells per microliter, lymphocyte count of 1,000 to 4,800 cells per microliter, and immunoglobulin levels of IgG (700 to 1,600 mg/dL), IgA (70 to 400 mg/dL), IgM (40 to 230
mg/dL), IgE (0 to 100 IU/mL), and IgD (0.5 to 5 mg/dL).
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