Kidneys are part of the lymphatic system:
True
False
The Correct Answer is B
Kidneys are not part of the lymphatic system.
The lymphatic system is a network of vessels and organs that drain excess fluid from the tissues, transport fats and immune cells, and protect the body from infections.
Kidneys are part of the urinary system, which filters blood, regulates fluid and electrolyte balance, and produces urine.
Choice A is wrong because kidneys do not have a direct connection to the lymphatic system.
Although kidneys have lymphatic vessels in their cortex, they do not originate from the lymphatic system.
Kidneys receive blood from the renal arteries and return it to the renal veins.
The lymphatic vessels in the kidney cortex drain interstitial fluid and immune cells from the kidney tissue to the regional lymph nodes.
Some additional sentences are:
Choice B is right because kidneys are part of the urinary system, not the lymphatic system.
The urinary system and the lymphatic system have different functions and structures in the body.
Normal ranges for kidney function tests include blood urea nitrogen (BUN) of 7 to 20 mg/dL, serum creatinine of 0.6 to 1.2 mg/dL, and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of more than 90 mL/min/1.73 m.
Normal ranges for lymphatic system tests include white blood cell (WBC) count of 4,000 to 11,000 cells per microliter, lymphocyte count of 1,000 to 4,800 cells per microliter, and immunoglobulin levels of IgG (700 to 1,600 mg/dL), IgA (70 to 400 mg/dL), IgM (40 to 230
mg/dL), IgE (0 to 100 IU/mL), and IgD (0.5 to 5 mg/dL).
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
T lymphocytes, also known as T cells, are a type of white blood cell that is an essential part of the immune system.
T cells are one of two primary types of lymphocytes — B cells being the second type — that determine the specificity of immune response to antigens (foreign substances) in the body.
T cells can be distinguished from other lymphocytes by the presence of a T-cell receptor (TCR) on their cell surface.
T cells originate in the bone marrow and mature in the thymus.
After migration to the thymus, the precursor cells mature into several distinct types of T cells.
One of these types is the CD8+ T cell, also known as cytotoxic T cell, which is responsible for cell-mediated immunity.
Cell-mediated immunity is the type of immunity that involves the direct killing of infected cells and cancer cells by cytotoxic T cells.
Choice A is wrong because humoral immunity is the type of immunity that involves the production of antibodies by B cells and plasma cells.
Antibodies are proteins that bind to specific antigens and mark them for destruction by other immune cells.
Choice C is wrong because programming macrophages is not a function of T lymphocytes.
Macrophages are a type of phagocytic cell that can engulf and digest pathogens and cellular debris.
Macrophages can be activated by cytokines, which are chemical messengers secreted by helper T cells and other immune cells.
Choice D is wrong because producing antibodies is not a function of T lymphocytes.
As mentioned above, antibodies are produced by B cells and plasma cells, which are another type of lymphocyte.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
This is because the external jugular vein drains blood from the face and scalp into the subclavian vein.
Some possible explanations for the other choices are:
Choice A. Superior vena cava.
This is wrong because the superior vena cava is a large vein that collects blood from the head, neck, chest, and upper limbs and returns it to the right atrium of the heart.
It does not drain blood from the face and scalp directly.
Choice B. Subclavian vein.
This is wrong because the subclavian vein is a vein that receives blood from the external jugular vein, the internal jugular vein, and the vertebral vein and joins with the internal thoracic vein to form the brachiocephalic vein.
It does not drain blood from the face and scalp directly.
Choice D. Cephalic vein.
This is wrong because the cephalic vein is a vein that runs along the lateral side of the arm from the hand to the shoulder and empties into the axillary vein.
It does not drain blood from the face and scalp at all.
Normal ranges for blood pressure vary depending on age, gender, health status, and other factors, but a general guideline is that systolic blood pressure (the pressure when the heart contracts) should be less than 120 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure (the pressure when the heart relaxes) should be less than 80 mmHg.
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