Which type of blood vessel holds the greatest volume of blood?

This is because ventricular systole is the phase of the cardiac cycle when the ventricles contract and pump blood into the arteries.
The blood pressure in the arteries is greatest during this phase because of the forceful ejection of blood.
Choice B.
Atrial diastole is wrong because atrial diastole is the phase of the cardiac cycle when the atria relax and fill with blood from the veins.
The blood pressure in the arteries is lowest during this phase because the ventricles are also relaxed and not pumping blood.
Choice C.
Ventricular diastole is wrong because ventricular diastole is the phase of the cardiac cycle when the ventricles relax and fill with blood from the atria.
The blood pressure in the arteries is low during this phase because the ventricles are not pumping blood.
Choice D.
Atrial systole is wrong because atrial systole is the phase of the cardiac cycle when the atria contract and push blood into the ventricles.
The blood pressure in the arteries is not affected by this phase because the ventricles are still relaxed and not pumping blood.
The normal range for systolic blood pressure is less than 120 mm Hg and for diastolic blood pressure is less than 80 mm Hg.

Excretion is the process of removing metabolic wastes or excrements from the body.
Metabolic wastes are substances left over from metabolic processes (such as cellular respiration) which cannot be used by the organism and must therefore be excreted.
These include nitrogen compounds, water, CO2, phosphates, sulphates, etc.
Choice B. Absorption is wrong because absorption is the process of taking in substances into the body or cells.
It is not related to the removal of waste.
Choice C. Metabolism is wrong because metabolism is the sum of all the chemical reactions that occur in an organism.
It is not a process of removing wastes, but rather producing them.
Choice D. Assimilation is wrong because assimilation is the process of incorporating substances into the body or cells.
It is also not related to the removal of waste.
Normal ranges for metabolic wastes vary depending on the type and concentration of the waste, as well as the organism and its environment.
For example, ammonia is a very toxic waste that requires a lot of water for its excretion, while uric acid is a less toxic waste that can be concentrated into a small volume.
Some normal ranges for human metabolic wastes are:

Urea: 2.5 to 6.4 mmol/L in blood serum Uric acid: 3.4 to 7.2 mg/dL in blood serum Creatinine: 0.6 to 1.2 mg/dL in blood serum CO2: 35 to 45 mmHg in arterial blood gas