What are pathogens?
Phagocytic leukocytes.
A type of antibody.
Disease-causing agents.
Agents that alter DNA base sequences.
The Correct Answer is C
Pathogens are disease-causing agents. They can be bacteria, viruses, fungi, protists, or parasitic worms.
They can infect other organisms and cause various diseases.
Choice A is wrong because phagocytic leukocytes are a type of white blood cell that can engulf and destroy pathogens.
They are part of the immune system and help fight infections.
Choice B is wrong because antibodies are proteins that can bind to specific antigens on the surface of pathogens and mark them for destruction by other immune cells.
They are also part of the immune system and help fight infections.
Choice D is wrong because agents that alter DNA base sequences are not necessarily pathogens.
They can be mutagens, such as chemicals or radiation, that can cause changes in the DNA of cells.
Some mutagens can also be carcinogens, which can cause cancer.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
The correct answer is choice B. False.
Arteries are strong, elastic vessels that carry blood away from the heart, except for the coronary arteries that supply blood to the heart muscle.
These are the first arteries to branch off the aorta, which is the main artery that takes blood to the body from the left ventricle.
Choice A is wrong because it contradicts the definition of arteries. Arteries carry blood away from the heart, not to the heart.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Excretion is the process of removing metabolic wastes or excrements from the body.
Metabolic wastes are substances left over from metabolic processes (such as cellular respiration) which cannot be used by the organism and must therefore be excreted.
These include nitrogen compounds, water, CO2, phosphates, sulphates, etc.
Choice B. Absorption is wrong because absorption is the process of taking in substances into the body or cells.
It is not related to the removal of waste.
Choice C. Metabolism is wrong because metabolism is the sum of all the chemical reactions that occur in an organism.
It is not a process of removing wastes, but rather producing them.
Choice D. Assimilation is wrong because assimilation is the process of incorporating substances into the body or cells.
It is also not related to the removal of waste.
Normal ranges for metabolic wastes vary depending on the type and concentration of the waste, as well as the organism and its environment.
For example, ammonia is a very toxic waste that requires a lot of water for its excretion, while uric acid is a less toxic waste that can be concentrated into a small volume.
Some normal ranges for human metabolic wastes are:
Urea: 2.5 to 6.4 mmol/L in blood serum Uric acid: 3.4 to 7.2 mg/dL in blood serum Creatinine: 0.6 to 1.2 mg/dL in blood serum CO2: 35 to 45 mmHg in arterial blood gas
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