The loose-fitting sac around the heart is the:
Fibrous pericardium.
Epicardium.
Endocardium.
Visceral pericardium.
The Correct Answer is A
The fibrous pericardium is the loose-fitting sac around the heart that protects it and anchors it to surrounding structures.
Choice B is wrong because the epicardium is the outer layer of the heart wall, also called the visceral pericardium, and it is not a sac.
Choice C is wrong because the endocardium is the inner layer of the heart wall that forms the lining of all heart chambers, and it is not a sac.
Choice D is wrong because the visceral pericardium is another name for the epicardium, and it is not a loose-fitting sac.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Kidneys are not part of the lymphatic system.
The lymphatic system is a network of vessels and organs that drain excess fluid from the tissues, transport fats and immune cells, and protect the body from infections.
Kidneys are part of the urinary system, which filters blood, regulates fluid and electrolyte balance, and produces urine.
Choice A is wrong because kidneys do not have a direct connection to the lymphatic system.
Although kidneys have lymphatic vessels in their cortex, they do not originate from the lymphatic system.
Kidneys receive blood from the renal arteries and return it to the renal veins.
The lymphatic vessels in the kidney cortex drain interstitial fluid and immune cells from the kidney tissue to the regional lymph nodes.
Some additional sentences are:
Choice B is right because kidneys are part of the urinary system, not the lymphatic system.
The urinary system and the lymphatic system have different functions and structures in the body.
Normal ranges for kidney function tests include blood urea nitrogen (BUN) of 7 to 20 mg/dL, serum creatinine of 0.6 to 1.2 mg/dL, and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of more than 90 mL/min/1.73 m.
Normal ranges for lymphatic system tests include white blood cell (WBC) count of 4,000 to 11,000 cells per microliter, lymphocyte count of 1,000 to 4,800 cells per microliter, and immunoglobulin levels of IgG (700 to 1,600 mg/dL), IgA (70 to 400 mg/dL), IgM (40 to 230
mg/dL), IgE (0 to 100 IU/mL), and IgD (0.5 to 5 mg/dL).
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A newborn is protected against certain digestive and respiratory infections by IgA received via the mother’s milk.
IgA is the main antibody found in breast milk, and it coats and seals the baby’s respiratory and intestinal tract to prevent germs from entering the body and bloodstream.
Choice A is wrong because the blood does not contain IgA, which is the main antibody that protects mucosal membranes.
Choice B is wrong because the placenta does not transfer IgA to the fetus, but only some other antibodies such as IgG.
Choice D is wrong because the intestine does not produce IgA in newborns, as they are born with low levels of IgA.
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