A patient with a cardiac disorder is having increased premature ventricular contractions and feels "anxious" and short of breath. After vital signs are obtained, what actions should the nurse take? Select all that apply.
Notify the health-care provider.
Start oxygen at 2 L/min.
Order an electrocardiogram and cardiac enzymes.
Place bed in modified Trendelenburg position.
Allow the patient to rest alone.
Elevate the head of the bed.
Correct Answer : A,B,C,F
A. Increased premature ventricular contractions along with symptoms of anxiety and shortness of breath may indicate worsening cardiac function or an acute cardiac event, necessitating immediate medical attention.
B. Oxygen therapy may help alleviate symptoms of shortness of breath and improve oxygenation in patients experiencing cardiac symptoms.
C. These diagnostic tests can provide valuable information about cardiac function and any potential myocardial damage or ischemia, helping guide further treatment and management.
D. The modified Trendelenburg position may increase cardiac workload, which is not beneficial in the case of PVCs.
E. The patient should not be left alone due to the need for ongoing assessment and potential rapid intervention. Furthermore, leaving them alone could worsen their anxiety.
F. Elevating the head of the bed can aid in breathing and comfort, reducing the sensation of breathlessness.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. While a splenectomy can lead to increased workload on the liver, it does not directly predispose the patient to liver disease.
B. A history of splenectomy does not specifically increase the risk of lupus.
C. Patients who have undergone splenectomy are at increased risk of certain infections, particularly encapsulated bacteria such as Streptococcus pneumoniae, which can cause pneumonia.
D. A history of splenectomy does not directly increase the risk of renal disease.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Postoperative pain typically resolves after a laparoscopic cholecystectomy since the surgery removes the gallbladder
B. While positioning during surgery can cause discomfort, isolated right shoulder pain is more commonly attributed to the diaphragmatic irritation from residual nitrous oxide in the abdomen.
C. Nitrous dioxide used during laparoscopic procedures is not associated with referred pain to the right shoulder. The pain is due to carbon dioxide gas used during the procedure resulting in the irritation of the diaphragm.
D. This pain is often due to the carbon dioxide used to inflate the abdomen during surgery, which can irritate the diaphragm and refer pain to the shoulder. Ambulation helps to absorb the gas more quickly.
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