A patient with a cardiac disorder is having increased premature ventricular contractions and feels "anxious" and short of breath. After vital signs are obtained, what actions should the nurse take? Select all that apply.

Notify the health-care provider.

Start oxygen at 2 L/min.

Order an electrocardiogram and cardiac enzymes.

Place bed in modified Trendelenburg position.

Allow the patient to rest alone.

Elevate the head of the bed.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,C,F

A.   Increased premature ventricular contractions along with symptoms of anxiety and shortness of breath may indicate worsening cardiac function or an acute cardiac event, necessitating immediate medical attention.
B.   Oxygen therapy may help alleviate symptoms of shortness of breath and improve oxygenation in patients experiencing cardiac symptoms.
C.   These diagnostic tests can provide valuable information about cardiac function and any potential myocardial damage or ischemia, helping guide further treatment and management.
D.   The modified Trendelenburg position may increase cardiac workload, which is not beneficial in the case of PVCs.
E.   The patient should not be left alone due to the need for ongoing assessment and potential rapid intervention. Furthermore, leaving them alone could worsen their anxiety.
F.   Elevating the head of the bed can aid in breathing and comfort, reducing the sensation of breathlessness.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Straining urine is important to catch any stones that are passed, which can then be analyzed to determine their composition and inform future treatment and prevention strategies.
B. While cold therapy may provide some relief from discomfort associated with kidney stones, it is not the primary intervention for managing kidney stones.
C. Bedrest is generally not recommended for patients with kidney stones. Remaining active may help promote passage of the stone.
D. Adequate fluid intake is essential for preventing kidney stone formation and facilitating stone passage. Restricting fluids can exacerbate the problem by leading to concentrated urine and increased risk of stone formation.

A. Atrial depolarization B. Atrial repolarization C. Ventricular depolarization D. Ventricular repolarization

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. The P wave on an ECG represents atrial depolarization, which occurs as the electrical impulse originates in the sinoatrial (SA) node and spreads through the atria, initiating atrial contraction.
B. Atrial repolarization typically occurs during the QRS complex and is not represented by the P wave. Atrial repolarization is masked by the larger QRS complex.
C. Ventricular depolarization is represented by the QRS complex on an ECG, as the electrical impulse spreads through the ventricles, leading to ventricular contraction.
D. Ventricular repolarization typically occurs during the T wave and is not represented by the P wave. Ventricular repolarization involves the recovery of ventricular muscle cells after contraction.

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A patient with a cardiac disorder is having increased premature ventricular contractions and feels "anxious" and short of breath. After vital signs are obtained, what actions should the nurse take? Select all that apply.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is caring for a patient with kidney stones. Which intervention should the nurse implement?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

After reviewing an electrocardiogram, the nurse determines that an electrical impulse originated in a patient's sinoatrial (SA) node with a P wave. What does this represent?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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