The nurse reinforces teaching for a patient after a cholecystectomy. The nurse knows that the patient understands the diet if which menu items are selected?

A. In the oliguric phase of acute kidney injury, fluid intake may need to be restricted rather than encouraged to prevent fluid overload.
B. Hourly intake and output monitoring is crucial for managing fluid balance and assessing the progression of kidney injury. Close monitoring can help prevent fluid overload, which is a risk due to the reduced urine output. It also aids in the timely adjustment of fluid administration and the detection of any changes in the client's condition that may necessitate intervention.
C. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen are contraindicated in acute kidney injury as they can further impair renal function.

D. In the oliguric phase, protein intake may need to be restricted to reduce the workload on the kidneys and minimize azotemia. A high-protein diet can increase the burden on already compromised kidneys due to the increased production of urea, a byproduct of protein metabolism that requires excretion by the kidneys.

A. Showering is not typically restricted after a splenectomy. Good hygiene practices, including regular showering, are important for preventing infection.
B. Patients who have undergone a splenectomy are at increased risk of infections, particularly from encapsulated bacteria such as Streptococcus pneumoniae. Yearly flu vaccination helps reduce the risk of influenza-related complications.
C. Long-term antibiotic prophylaxis is not routinely recommended for all patients after splenectomy. Antibiotics may be prescribed in certain situations, such as for postsplenectomy sepsis prevention, but lifelong use is not standard practice.
D. Sleeping position is not directly related to infection prevention after splenectomy.

General infection prevention measures, such as vaccination and avoiding exposure to sick individuals, are more important.