A patient informs the nurse about starting an exercise program a month ago to lose weight and improve sleep.
The patient states, “It still takes at least two hours to fall asleep at night.”. What action should the nurse take?

Determine the amount of weight the patient has lost since increasing activity.

Inquire about the patient’s exercise schedule.

Inform the patient that lifestyle changes often take several weeks to be effective.

Encourage the patient to exercise daily to reduce bedtime wakefulness.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A rationale

Determining the amount of weight the patient has lost since increasing activity is relevant to the patient’s overall health and progress toward weight loss goals, but it does not directly address the issue of sleep difficulties. Weight loss and improved sleep may not always have a direct cause-and-effect relationship.

Choice B rationale

Inquiring about the patient’s exercise schedule is a reasonable action. It allows the nurse to gather information about the patient’s exercise routine and assess whether it might be contributing to the sleep difficulties. For instance, exercising too close to bedtime can interfere with sleep. Therefore, understanding the timing and intensity of the patient’s exercise can provide valuable insights into potential adjustments that could improve sleep quality.

Choice C rationale

Informing the patient that lifestyle changes often take several weeks to be effective is a general statement that might not address the specific concerns of the patient. While it’s true that lifestyle changes, including exercise, can take time to show results, this does not provide a targeted solution to the patient’s reported difficulty in falling asleep.

Choice D rationale

Encouraging the patient to exercise daily to reduce bedtime wakefulness is not appropriate advice in this scenario. It oversimplifies the issue and may not address the underlying causes of the patient’s sleep difficulties. Additionally, excessive exercise close to bedtime may actually interfere with sleep.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale

The patient’s history of asthma, previous hospitalizations for asthma-related symptoms, and the current presentation of difficulty breathing and wheezing suggest that she is likely experiencing an asthma exacerbation related to environmental factors. Asthma is a chronic condition that can cause symptoms such as wheezing, shortness of breath, and chest tightness, which the patient is currently experiencing. Environmental factors such as allergens, air pollution, and changes in weather can trigger asthma symptoms.

Choice B rationale

While smoking is a major risk factor for COPD, the patient denies smoking. Additionally, COPD is more common in older adults, and the patient is only 22 years old. Therefore, it is less likely that her symptoms are due to COPD.

Choice C rationale

Pneumonia is typically associated with additional symptoms such as fever, cough with phlegm, and chest pain. The patient’s symptoms do not align with a typical presentation of pneumonia.

Choice D rationale

Tuberculosis is a bacterial infection that typically presents with a chronic cough, weight loss, and night sweats. The patient’s symptoms do not align with a typical presentation of tuberculosis.

A. Fresh fruits and vegetables. B. Low fat dairy products. C. Water and herbal teas. D. Iron-rich meats.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale

While fresh fruits and vegetables are part of a healthy diet, they are not specifically recommended for the prevention of osteoporosis. They do not contain significant amounts of calcium, which is crucial for bone health.

Choice B rationale

Low fat dairy products are a good source of calcium, which is essential for bone health and the prevention of osteoporosis.

Choice C rationale

While water and herbal teas can contribute to overall hydration, they do not contain significant amounts of calcium or vitamin D, which are crucial for bone health.

Choice D rationale

While iron-rich meats contribute to overall health, they do not contain significant amounts of calcium or vitamin D, which are crucial for bone health.

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A patient informs the nurse about starting an exercise program a month ago to lose weight and improve sleep.The patient states, “It still takes at least two hours to fall asleep at night.”. What action should the nurse take?

Nursing Test Bank

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A patient informs the nurse about starting an exercise program a month ago to lose weight and improve sleep.
The patient states, “It still takes at least two hours to fall asleep at night.”. What action should the nurse take?