A nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about the risk factors for subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). What should the nurse include in the teaching?

Parkinson’s disease

Alzheimer’s disease

Being male

Marfan’s syndrome .

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A rationale
Parkinson’s disease is a neurodegenerative disorder that affects movement, but it is not a known risk factor for subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH)10111213.
Choice B rationale
Alzheimer’s disease is a type of dementia that affects memory, thinking, and behavior, but it is not a known risk factor for SAH10111213.
Choice C rationale

Being male is not a specific risk factor for SAH. Both men and women can be affected by this condition.
Choice D rationale
Marfan’s syndrome is a genetic disorder that affects the body’s connective tissue. People with Marfan’s syndrome have a higher risk of developing aneurysms, including those in the brain, which can lead to SAH10111213. Cerebral edemaCerebral edema Explore

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Regulation of the amount of carbon dioxide exhaled can affect cerebral blood flow, but it does not directly maintain cerebral perfusion pressure constant.
Choice B rationale
Catecholamines circulating throughout the body can affect blood pressure and heart rate, but they do not directly maintain cerebral perfusion pressure constant.

Choice C rationale
How much blood is pumped from the heart, also known as cardiac output, can affect cerebral perfusion pressure. However, it does not directly maintain cerebral perfusion pressure constant.
Choice D rationale
Regulation of constriction and dilation of blood vessels in the brain, also known as cerebral autoregulation, is a key mechanism that maintains cerebral perfusion pressure constant. When pressure autoregulation is impaired, cerebral blood flow becomes dependent on cerebral perfusion pressure.

A. Swelling of the optic nerve B. Decreasing Glasgow Coma scores C. Blood pressure of 108/76 mm Hg D. Changes to pupil size and shape E. Respiratory rate of 12/min .

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Swelling of the optic nerve, also known as papilledema, can be a sign of increased intracranial pressure (ICP). However, it is not a direct indicator of a worsening neurological condition.
Choice B rationale
The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) is a clinical tool used to assess a patient’s level of consciousness and neurological functioning. A decreasing GCS score indicates a worsening neurological condition, which could be due to increasing ICP12. Therefore, a decreasing GCS score is a direct indicator of a worsening neurological condition.
Choice C rationale
A blood pressure of 108/76 mm Hg is within the normal range and does not directly indicate a worsening neurological condition. However, drastic changes in blood pressure could potentially indicate a problem.
Choice D rationale

Changes in pupil size and shape can be a sign of increased ICP, but these changes are not specific to a worsening neurological condition. They could be due to various factors, including medication effects or damage to the cranial nerves.
Choice E rationale
A respiratory rate of 12/min is within the normal range for adults. Changes in respiratory patterns could potentially indicate a worsening neurological condition, but a rate of 12/min does not directly indicate this.

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A nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about the risk factors for subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). What should the nurse include in the teaching?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who has sustained a neurologic injury with increased intracranial pressure and decreased cerebral perfusion. Which of the following will maintain cerebral perfusion pressure constant?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who has increased intracranial pressure and has a worsening neurological condition. Which of the following cues should the nurse recognize as a worsening condition?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who has a traumatic brain injury (TBI). Which of the following groups should the nurse understand has a higher risk of sustaining a TBI?

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